The authors propose an improved method of assessment the competitiveness of regions. The novelty of method is the selection of competitiveness factors on the basis of “Sustainable development” concept. The study selected and classified influencing factors of the competitiveness by the expert evaluation. The first selecting criterion is long-term and short-term action of the factors. The second one is financial results production and consumption of the product. The third criterion is the complex of standards in the production and consumption of the product. Other criteria are the extensiveness of changes, integration in the production and consumption. The assessment of competitiveness involves calculating points and ratings on these criteria. As a result, the method allows to classify the regions by level of competitiveness which depends on the points calculated in the short and long terms. The higher the region’s class number is the more competitive the region itself, and vice versa. This assessment allows to form the strategies for the new products and cooperation of the regions.
The authors propose the evaluation of the level of development of waste management and the factors associated with effectiveness of waste management in the world. Scientific novelty consists in new principle of the selection of factors. This principle based on the balance between the rate of waste generation and the efficiency of utilization, depending on income level in the countries. As a result, the factors affecting the effectiveness of waste management selected and classified by the method of expert evaluation. The algorithms has been proposed for calculate of the indicators of the intensity of waste generation, of the efficiency of utilization, of the balance of waste, of the overall efficiency of waste management. The evaluation of the effectiveness of waste management was applied by method of score of 217 countries of the world for 2018. The study found a correlation between the effectiveness of waste management and the country's per capita income. This evaluation allows classifying countries on the level of per capita income and by the types of balance between the intensity of waste generation and the efficiency of waste utilization. On this basis the authors proposed to form a balanced policy of waste management.
The authors propose a method for evaluating the market of technologies for the collection, sorting and recycling of polymer waste. The novelty of the study is classification of technologies for the collection, sorting and recycling of polymer waste. It is base on the principles of “Circular Economy”. The authors proposed an algorithm for calculating the specialization index of technologies. A patent search for calculating the specialization index performed based on this classification. The author’s method was the analysis of 17 countries at the beginning of 2021. These countries are owners of patents of technologies for the collection, sorting and recycling of polymer waste. The study reveals that the global market of technologies for the collection, sorting and recycling of polymer waste is formed only by 50% of the average level of the specialization index. The leaders in the specialization index are the USA, China and European Union. This evaluation of market allows us to determine the effectiveness of the waste management strategy. The authors offer two options. For countries with high specialization index, we suggest the strategy of differentiation. This strategy is to develop a comprehensive technology of plastic waste management. For countries with a low specialization index, we suggest the strategy of focusing. This strategy is to develop novel technologies on the basis of “Circular Economy”.
The article studies the method of assessment of the impact of standards on the results of the industry: innovation, product quality, generation of waste, level of “Green Economy” and foreign trade. The approbation which has been carried out for chemical products from 26 countries of the EU in 2018 (based on the cluster analysis is given in the study). It has been concluded that the high level of coverage of standards stimulates innovation of recycling. The level of foreign trade, and the generation of waste occur regardless of the level of coverage of the standards. The high speed of implementation of the standard ensures the high level of “Green Economy”. The more permanent policy of standards ensures high quality of products. Germany is the benchmark for the high level of influence of standards on the results in the chemical industry. For the rest counties of the EU, the potential of standards is not fully disclosed for reasons of insufficient coverage of standards or a large volume of waste. This assessment allows finding the benchmark of the country for study of the positive impact of standards and it helps to identify the successful strategies of standards for achieving high results in the industry.
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