An experimental setup for studying the Compton scattering of
annihilation photons in various (entangled and decoherent) quantum
states is presented. Two entangled γ-quanta with an energy
of 511 keV and mutually orthogonal polarizations are produced by
positron-electron annihilation in a thin aluminum plate and are
emitted in opposite directions. To measure both photons, the setup
provides two equivalent arms of Compton polarimeters. A Compton
polarimeter consists of a plastic scintillation scatterer and an
array of NaI(Tl) detectors for measuring photons deflected at an
angle of 90°. The intermediate scatterer of the GAGG
scintillator with SiPM readout is inserted into one of the arms to
create a tagged decoherence process prior to the measurement of
annihilation photons in polarimeters. The performance of Compton
scatterers and NaI(Tl) counters is discussed. The polarization
modulation factor and the analyzing power of Compton polarimeters
are evaluated from the angular distributions of scattered
gammas. The Compton scattering of photons in entangled and
decoherent states is compared reliably for the first time.
Whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) is a highly effective treatment method of a number of serious diseases. The therapeutic effect of WBC is achieved by stimulating cold receptors of the patient's skin, which provide supercooling of the skin surface to the level of À2°C. To achieve such a temperature of the skin surface, it is necessary to ensure heat removal with intensity not less than 3500 W/m 2. Such a heat flux can remove gas with the temperature not higher than À130°C. Procedures lasting less than 2 minutes do not form therapeutic effect. Procedures lasting more than 3 minutes are dangerous for the patient's health. WBC procedures are carried out in single-and multi-seat devices. Due to the compact placement of the patient in the WBC area, the share of useful heat load on the cryostatting system is up to 70%. In multi-seat installations, the useful heat load share is not more than 50%. During the WBC procedure, consumption of liquid nitrogen per patient is 3.77 kg. For the effective use of WBC technology, it is necessary to determine the general requirements for the power of cooling systems and the temperature of cryostatting of the WBC area.
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