Background. To determine the effect on the degree of dysbiosis in the organs and tissues of rats treated with high-fat diet (HFD) using fats with various fatty acid compositions.Methods. We used ordinary (high-linoleic) sunflower oil, high-oleic sunflower oil, butter, palm and coconut oils. Rats were fed with 15 % of each of the fats for 64 days. In the blood serum from v.cava and v. porta, in the liver, heart, brain, skeletal muscles and intestinal mucosa, urease activity (an indicator of bacterial insemination), lysozyme activity (a factor of non-specific immunity) were determined, and the degree of dysbiosis was calculated from the ratio of relative urease and lysozyme activities. Results. The activity of urease in the blood of v. porta increased in rats treated with HFD, and was significantly higher than in the blood of v.cava. In most of the studied tissues, urease activity increased after HFD, with the exception of rats receiving high-oleic sunflower oil (HOSO). In contrast, lysozyme activity was reduced in most tissues, with the exception of rats treated with HOSO. The degree of dysbiosis increased after HFD with the exception of rats treated with HOSO.Conclusion. HFD increases the translocation of bacteria from the intestine. The liver partially neutralizes the microflora coming from the intestines. In blood serum from v. cava and v. porta, urease activity (an indicator of bacterial contamination), lysozyme activity (nonspecific immunity factor) were determined in the liver, heart, brain, skeletal muscle and intestinal mucosa, and the degree of dysbiosis was calculated by the ratio of the relative activities of urease and lysozyme.Results. Blood urease activity v. porta was elevated in rats treated with HFD and was significantly higher than in blood v. cava. In most of the tissues studied, urease activity increased after HFD with the exception of rats treated with high oleic sunflower oil (HOSO), the development of dysbiosis in all tissues of the body. The exception is HOSO, which does not cause the development of dysbiosis and inflammation.
In the present study to investigate the biochemical mechanisms of therapeutic and prophylactic action of bioflavonoids, carried out a comparative evaluation of antioxidant and antiproteinase properties of certain bioflavonoids standards in vitro. Therapeutic and prophylactic efficacy of individual bioflavonoids as well as herbal medicines with bioflavonoids, was examined at an experimental pathology (toxic hepatitis, dental caries, periodontitis, stomatitis, dysbiosis, diabetes Types 1 and 2, gastric ulcer, osteopenia) in Wistar line rats. Condition of organs and tissues was assessed by biochemical markers of inflammation, antioxidant and antimicrobial defense systems of animals. Research has shown the ability of bioflavonoids in varying degrees inhibit the formation of superoxide anion radicals and malondialdehyde, recover free radicals, bind ions of Fe 2+ , inhibiting the activity of proteases, such as leukocyte elastase. Established partially competitive type of trypsin and elastase activity inhibition by bioflavonoids. Was revealed a positive effect of bioflavonoids in experimental pathology on animals. Therapeutic and prophylactic effects of bioflavonoids, in our opinion, are realized through a strong antioxidant and antiprotease properties of these compounds.
Aim. To determine the main factors of inadequate fat diet (IAFD) and indicate the ways of their change. Methods. Analysis and generalization of existing scientific literature data and the results of our own research. Results. The following factors of IAFD have been identified: 1) excess fat in the diet; 2) an excess of palmitic acid in dietary fats; 3) an excess of linoleic acid in dietary fats; 4) consumption of thermoperoxide fats; 5) deficiency of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Conclusion. IAFD is a cause of metabolic and neuropsychiatric disorders underlying non-communicable diseases.
The continuous raise of molecular diversity requires to find a guidelines for orientation it this. A likely occasion for consideration of new QSAR approach possibilities for this aspect is the flavonoids (F) multitude, the class of organic compounds (C) with very varied chemistry and pharmacology. The list of F affinities includes benzodiazepines, adenosine, estrogen receptors and row of enzymes phosphodiesterase, proteinthyrosine kinase, aromatase, xanthine oxidase asf. The simple way of clasterization of C is their numerical representation as the vector in linear space. The components of the some vectors are determined by parameters of molecular shape (number of cycles, tertiary atoms asf) and orbital structure indices (numbers of occupied orbitals of different kind). The nonesterificied F are tricyclic C with numbers of tertiary atoms n = 5,.,11 and more, from generic flavon (flavan), n = 5, to myricetin (n = 11) and other. The all derivatives of F with given n may be associated with vectors of linear space, alpha-set, with linear form sigma = 2l + m, l number of nonhydrogenous atoms, m = 0, 1,. The collection of sigma-sets which numbered by given number n = 5,.11,. envelops all natural F and their derivatives which have not additional cycles. In mentioned sigma-sets of tricyclic C by the some mode are presented ligands of benzodiazepines, adenosine, estrogens and other receptors and enzymes. Positions of ligands of each class form a triangle "sector of affinity" in 4-5 adjacent sigma-sets. These triangle sectors in mentioned collection of sigma-sets are disposed in conformity to certain laws. The position of given F relatively to "sectors of affinity" allow to found their affinity (and cross-affinity) to different targets. Calculations with utilization of sophisticated shape parameters and electronic structure indices allow to determine the affinity and/or activity quantitative measure.
Levitsky A. P. The role of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the formation of the structure and functions of biomembranes.
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