The Questions of study "genotype-environmental” interaction are occupy a central place in the development of the theory of Adaptive selection, because such relationship varied and complex as the nature and degree of the manifestation. The selection of the same promising accessions in the realization of their productive properties aimed at the selection of genotypes, for whom the impact of this interaction is minimal. For example, the creation of winter wheat varieties CASAR and Kalach 60 proved that the screening efficiency is dictated by choosing selective background and combination of natural condition, contributing to the assessment of "genotype-environmental” components along the environmental vector created the system of multilokacionnyh tests. Cluster analysis of the 30 varieties of winter wheat yield allowed to group them by the nature of the productive properties realization and to distinguish two groups with high indicators. Kalach 60 with an average yield of 10516.05 pounds per hectare was integrated into the Pearl of the Volga region group. KASAR, with the yield of 9854,66 pounds per hectare, formed its own cluster group, which included selection lines L 52-98, as well as L 40-01 and L 41-01. Significant differences of the varieties were in variability of productive properties, depending on the emerging conditions. The first cluster group varieties are characterized by the more restrained variation in yield than KASAR. A detailed analysis was revealed that the latter varieties significantly reduced the indices in more severe growing conditions, exceeding the first in the years favorable for the moistening regime. In light of this decision on biometric methods used to identify differences on the fenotipicheskom level, the task falls to dissect a quantitative manifestation of biological concepts and increase its informative about the nature adaptation of new varieties on the multidimensionality of the factor. The article gives a detailed description of new winter wheat varieties according to the results of the studies.
Based on multi-location tests with different edaphic and climatic conditions and process approaches to the cultivation of field crops (Oryol, Samara, Nizhny Novgorod, Voronezh), the article dwells on the algorithm of a systemic approach to studying the individual characteristics of 17 varieties and samples of winter wheat, and shows the principles of their selection to form a single system for the purpose of stabilising the production of high-quality grain. Ecological approaches to the assessment of individual characteristics of different wheat varieties allowed identifying bottleneck issues related to the implementation of their adaptive potential, behaviour in the single system of agrobiogeocenosis, specifying the influence of the genotype–environment interaction on the manifestation of individual characteristics. The understanding of these issues makes it possible to develop a process sequence beneficial for the formation of genotypes with high productivity. Following the analysis, the breeds Leonida, Grom and Nemchinovskaya 85 wheat varieties were identified as promising for production in Central Russia. They showed high productivity and proved to be close in terms of sensitivity to growing conditions. In addition, a new wheat variety, Nemchinovskaya 85, demonstrated high quality of grain product. Izumrud Dubovitskogo and DF2020 varieties were distinguished by a high level of adaptive properties, expressed as their superiority in severe conditions of the Volga region and regions with a low level of soil moisture during grain filling. The study also suggests high processability and narrow limits of ecosystem boundaries when using Stork and Sineva wheat varieties in production, which most fully implemented their potential only in the system of intensive cultivation technologies with moderate to increased soil-moisture regimen in the second half of the vegetation season.
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