Abstract-During the life oil wells, production process usually passes three stages. Primary recovery uses the natural source of energy. Pumps and gas lifting are involved in the primary recovery. The main purpose of secondary recovery process is to maintain the reservoir pressure by either a natural gas flooding or water flooding.The rise in world oil prices has encouraged the producers to use the new technical developments. Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is a collection of sophisticated methods, to extract the most oil from a reservoir. EOR can be divided into two major types of techniques: thermal and non-thermal recovery. Each technique has a specific use in a certain type of reservoirs.Among non-thermal techniques is the gas flooding, where gas is generally injected single or intermittently with water. Flue gas and nitrogen have only limited application as agents of a miscible displacement in deep and high pressure reservoirs.Although new development processes such as water alternating gas (WAG) or Simultaneous water alternating gas (SWAG), are implemented, there are still some problems encountered by EOR engineers. This paper is discussing the last updating in this field.Index Terms-Enhanced oil recovery (EOR), miscible flooding, nitrogen injection, water alternating gas (WAG).

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The deposition or crystallization of wax paraffin from crude oils is one of the crucial issues faced in the petroleum industry particularly when the temperature of the crude oil is below the wax appearance temperature (WAT). Pour Point Depressants (PPDs) chemical is proven to be an efficient way to solve this problem. This study investigated poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate(EVA)) and Poly(maleic anhydride-alt-1-octadecene)(MA) polymer inhibitors on the van der Waals intermolecular interaction between the major wax component molecule n-octacosane C 28 H 58 , via molecular dynamics simulation (MD) technique on Material Studio 5.5 software Package. COMPASS force field was applied to analyse the desired structural property, Radial Distribution Function (RDF). The results showed that the radial distribution function and g (r) value is able to give the insight on which particular type of fuctional atoms were benefit to inhibit the self-agglomerate of the wax crystal formation. The presence of carbonyl oxygen in EVA plays a significant role to inhibit the wax formation through the van der Waals interaction between active hydrogen atoms in n-octacosane molecule. Therefore the chances of wax inhibition in octacosane is higher by introduced EVA as inhibitor compared to MA.

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This study aimed to investigate the students' interest level and tendency towards reciting Quran using smart phones and tablets amongst 230 Muslim students of Foundation Programme at UiTM Kuantan Campus, Malaysia semester 2012/2013. The main instrument utilized in this study was a questionnaire while data analysis was accomplished using descriptive statistics of SPSS version 20. Based on the analysis, it was indicated that the students' interest of reciting Quran was at a good level. However, 32.6% to 53.0% of them were not really sure about the rules involved when using digital Quran applications stored on the devices. These were among the primary concerns of the present study. Therefore, issues related to Islamic jurisprudence were clarified so that the students would become aware to take necessary steps in compliance with the religious laws when using such devices.

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