The research is aimed to investigate the possibility of acrylic-reinforced glass fibre as a denture. Short glass fibre was made by variation of 4mm, 6 mm and 8mm. The results showed a good adhesion between glass fibre and acrylic resin with an optimum composition of the denture (acrylic: oil : glass fibre = 10 gr : 4.5 mL : 0.13 gr) was achieved. The density test was conducted by using Archimedes' method, whereas compressive strength and tensile strength by using Universal Testing Machine (UTM). The results showed that glass fibre can be used to enhance the mechanical properties of acrylic resin. The optimum composition was achieved when 6 mm fibre had been added-in with a density of 1.2256 gr/cm 3 . A compressive strength of 76.623 MPa and a tensile strength of 71.207 MPa were recorded, these values can be applied as a denture.
The study was conducted on the extraction of volcanic ash from Mount Sinabung through the co-precipitation method to recover silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ). The X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis showed that the SiO 2 content in volcanic ash was 48.5%, and after extraction, it was 99.1%. The morphology shown by scanning electron microscope (SEM) indicated that SiO 2 looks cleaner and tends to be the same size compared to the volcanic ash sample. The average particle size of volcanic ash and extracted SiO 2 were 32.28571 ± 2.51259 and 12.97521 ± 0.60657 µm, respectively. The X-ray diffractometer (XRD) analysis showed that the crystal structure of the volcanic ash sample was quartz, maghemite, and cristobalite. Besides, the extracted SiO 2 had an amorphous quartz crystal structure. The test conducted using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) resulted in the absorption of 1095.57 cm -1 and 798.53 cm -1 for the Si-O-Si and Si-OH groups which were the groups of siloxanes and silanols, respectively.
This study synthesized nanocomposite photocatalyst materials from a mixture of Cu2O nanoparticles, ZnO nanoparticles, and graphene oxide (GO) through coprecipitation and hydrothermal methods. This study aims to determine the optimum composition of Cu2O/ZnO/GO nanocomposites in degrading methylene blue. The nanocomposite was synthesized in two steps: 1 the synthesis of Cu2O and ZnO nanoparticles through the coprecipitation method and the preparation of GO through the modified Hummer method. 2 The preparation of Cu2O and ZnO nanoparticles mixtures with GO through the hydrothermal method to form Cu2O/ZnO/GO nanocomposites. The adsorption-photocatalysis process of methylene blue was done with UV light from a halogen lamp. The characterization results indicated that the optimum composition was Cu2O/ZnO nanocomposite with a ratio of 1:2 and 10% of GO, which had a specific surface area of 35.874 m2 g-1, a pore radius of 19.073 nm, and a pore volume of 0.092 cm3 g-1, and a diameter crystalline of 31.19 nm. The degradation efficiency of methylene blue under UV light for 120 minutes were 82.0%, 86.0%, 91.4%, and 79.3% using the Cu2O/ZnO nanocomposites with GO of 1%, 3%, 5%, and 10%, respectively. These results indicated that Cu2O/ZnO/GO nanocomposites efficiently degrade methylene blue from textile dye waste.
The performance of tuna fishbone waste as carbon to remove iron (Fe) metal from well water was studied. The parameters of carbon synthesis were set by varying the carbonization temperature of 300, 400, and 500°C. Fishbone carbon was characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM-EDX), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and SSA (nitrogen adsorption). The BET and (BJH) analysis showed that the increase in carbon surface area and pore size was proportional to the increase in carbonization temperature. Fishbone carbon was used as a filtration medium to reduce high levels of iron metal in well water. Samples were taken from wells belonging to residents in Bandar Setia, Medan Tembung. Fishbone carbon was effective as an adsorbent for removing iron metal from well water by the filtration method. The rate of iron removal was 99% for fishbone carbon, carbonized at 400°C.
The application of composite membranes consisting of SiO2 from the volcanic ash of Mount Sinabung, TiO2, and PVA on a laboratory scale has been investigated to improve the Silau River’s water quality in Asahan Regency. The purpose of this study is to determine the optimal combination of SiO2, TiO2, and PVA for treating river water to minimize its heavy metal content and color intensity to achieve clean water requirements. The membranes were prepared by drop-casting with varied compositions of PVA/40TiO2/60SiO2, PVA/60TiO2/40SiO2, PVA/80TiO2/20SiO2, and PVA/100TiO2/0SiO2. PVA was dissolved in aquadest, mixed with SiO2 and TiO2, then imprinted and dried for 24 h at 50 °C. A photocatalyst test was performed on each composition variation to see how the Silau River water’s color changed over time. The PVA/80TiO2/20SiO2 membrane’s composition fluctuated the highest during photocatalyst testing, with 45.95% degradation. The parameter results on the Silau River water test, namely turbidity, color, and chromium values, were reduced by photocatalysis of a PVA/80TiO2/20SiO2 composite membrane to 16 NTU, 30 TCU, and 0.013 mg/L, respectively. These results met the clean water quality criteria specified by Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Decree No. 416/MENKES/PER/IX/1990.
Based on the durability of ancient roman buildings that are 2000 years old and are always exposed to sea waves. In which there is a mixed reaction of volcanic rock with seawater. Indonesia has many active volcanoes, this is because Indonesia is located at the confluence of the Eurasian and Indo-Australian tectonic plates. One of the mountains formed in the area where the plates meet is still active, the mountain is Mount Kelud. Mount Kelud is a volcano in the province of East Java, Indonesia, which is classified as active. The existence of volcanic ash resulting from the eruption of Mount Kelud is quite potential as a ceramic material. So the purpose of this research is to make a ceramic construction made from clay, volcanic ash from Mount Kelud and sea water by the method of die pressing and sintering at a temperature of 1000°C. So it can be known how the physical properties, mechanics and especially the crystal structure formed from ceramic samples. The results of the research that has been carried out are that the highest density value is in the composition of a mixture of 50% volcanic ash and 50% seawater, the highest compressive strength value is also found in the composition of a mixture of 50% volcanic ash and 50% seawater, and from the XRD results, the structure The crystal formed is hexagonal with the phase formed is SiO2.
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