Qomariah IN, Rahmi T, Said Z, Wijaya A. 2019. Conflict between human and wild Sumatran Elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus Temminck, 1847) in Aceh Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 77-84. Aceh Province has the largest habitat for Sumatran elephant. However, the elephant population in the province keeps decreasing due to frequent conflict with humans. This study aimed to observe the trend and pattern of Human-elephant Conflict (HEC) in Aceh, as well as the main causes driving the conflict. To collect information, we carried out desk study, secondary data collection, and interviews with relevant actors in Aceh Jaya, Pidie, and Aceh Timur District. We collected data of HEC during the 2012-2017 period in 16 districts across Aceh. The result shows that during the six years, there were 262 HEC cases occurred in Aceh, where Aceh Timur and Aceh Jaya contributed the highest number of HEC incidence, with 47 and 44 cases respectively. Maximum Entropy analysis shows that the main factor causing the conflict is “Distance from the human settlement” with 84.7% contribution, followed by “Primary forest loss” (14.1% contribution). From the findings, we suggest reforestation in areas that becomes elephant home range and creation of barriers within the conservation forest boundaries. Moreover, HEC mitigation action should also be incorporated in provincial spatial planning (Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah - Provinsi) to minimize further economic loss and wildlife extinction.
Landsat-8 has various channels that function to identify an object. The vegetation index algorithm which is based on remote sensing involves several bands and can describe the percentage of canopy and density of vegetation. More than 100 vegetation index algorithms and each can be used in accordance with the research objectives. In this paper we will discuss the utilization of Landsat-8 metric data with the parameters of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR) and several parameters in metric data with various features to produce indications of rapid land change, especially to detect changes in tree cover area to lose tree cover and vice versa. For this purpose, the annual Landsat-8 metrics data is located in Riau Province. To compare both NDVI and NBR parameters, the trial and error method is used and the results are compared visually to the two different images of the year. The result is that the NBR parameters with a maximum-70 feature and the threshold for tree cover loss and tree cover gain respectively more than -0.1 provide tangible results in looking at the tree cover changes in Riau Province. In the analysis, other information is needed, for example, a map of the Forest Area to see further whether the changes that occur are in the forest area or not, which will certainly provide different treatment.
This working paper elaborates on the reasons why illegal logging activities still exist in Indonesia despite the efforts that have been made by the government. This paper offers recommendations for tackling the misdeclaration of timber information. It aims to provide recommendations to the Government of Indonesia to strengthen the SVLK's role in ensuring timber legality and enforcing the law by applying science-based technologies as criminal evidence for illegal logging cases.
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