A three-dimensional baroclinic nonlinear numerical model is employed to investigate the 12 summer upwelling in the northern continental shelf of the South China Sea (NCSCS) and the 13 mechanisms of the local winds inducing the coastal upwelling, associated with the QuikSCAT wind 14 data. First, the persistent signals of the summer upwelling are illustrated by the climatological 15 AVHRR (the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer) SST (Sea Surface Temperature) image 16 over 1985-2006 and field observations in 2006 summer. Then, after the successful simulation of the 17 summer upwelling in the NCSCS, four numerical experiments are conducted to explore the 18 different effects of local winds, including the wind stress and wind stress curl, on the coastal 19 upwelling in two typical strong summer upwelling regions of the NCSCS. The modeled results 20 indicate that the summer upwelling is a seasonal common phenomenon during June-September in 21 the NCSCS with the spatial extent of a basin-scale. Typical continental shelf upwelling 22characteristics are clearly shown in the coastal surface and subsurface water, such as low 23 temperature, high salinity and high potential density in the east of the Hainan Island, the east of the 24

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A new method for the degradation of bisphenol A (BPA) in aqueous solution was developed. The oxidative degradation characteristics of BPA in a heterogeneous Fenton reaction catalyzed by Fe3O4/graphite oxide (GO) were studied. Transmission electron microscopic images showed that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles were evenly distributed and were ∼6 nm in diameter. Experimental results suggested that BPA conversion was affected by several factors, such as the loading amount of Fe3O4/GO, pH, and initial H2O2 concentration. In the system with 1.0 g L(-1) of Fe3O4/GO and 20 mmol L(-1) of H2O2, almost 90% of BPA (20 mg L(-1)) was degraded within 6 h at pH 6.0. Based on the degradation products identified by GC-MS, the degradation pathways of BPA were proposed. In addition, the reused catalyst Fe3O4/GO still retained its catalytic activity after three cycles, indicating that Fe3O4/GO had good stability and reusability. These results demonstrated that the heterogeneous Fenton reaction catalyzed by Fe3O4/GO is a promising advanced oxidation technology for the treatment of wastewater containing BPA.

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