This article was aimed to investigate the insights about reading competences of students in public schools in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. In particular, it was aimed to explain what and how reading competences of students looked like especially when they were related to their learning achievements at school. The article employed a library-based research design as there was little chance to do a case study to gain in-depth analysis related to the issues being investigated due to time constraint. As this was a library- based research, the main data collection technique was based on evidences derived from extensive literatures related to reading competences of high school students in this province. The analysis was mainly based on the content analytical point of views. The findings suggest that a number of factors strongly affected high school students’ reading competences. Despite the case, it was identified that learning and reading cultures of Indonesian students predominantly influenced the ways they approached and made use of reading materials at their hands which eventually led to their reading achievements. The results of the research suggest that as students now live in the era of advanced communication and information technologies, provisions of these technological-based learning devices are inevitable in high schools. Moreover, the local education authorities urgently need to provide adequate reading text books and other interesting reading materials to students. In addition, it is to inform teachers and other educational stakeholders to create learning atmospheres in which students were interested in reading activities from which they could develop their reading cultures for the future
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AbstractThe Tangguh LNG gas fields are situated in the Berau Bay, Irian Jaya, Indonesia. An extensive exploration and appraisal program was performed from 1994 to 1998 which resulted in the discovery of 14.4 TCF of proved gas reserves with substantial upside reserve potential. The fields are currently at the development planning stage in support of the Tangguh LNG project, Indonesia's third major LNG center.The objective of this work was to obtain a more accurate skin and non-Darcy coefficient (D) from exploration and appraisal well tests by accounting for completion effects. The impact of corrected D coefficient on well deliverability reduced the number of forecasted development wells.In Tangguh pressure transient analyses, skin and D coefficient from well tests were first calculated based on pressure data from gauge depth. Most of the gauges were placed in gauge carriers integral to the test string and anywhere from 125 to 300 feet above the mid-point of producing interval. Because the pressure drop in the completion from the perforations to the gauge appears as additional skin, the deliverability of the formation could be underestimated if this effect were not considered in the analysis.After the pressure drop in the completion was correctly accounted for, the non-Darcy coefficient decreased in all wells. The D coefficient correction was particularly significant in high transmissibility reservoirs and agreed with theoretical D coefficient calculations. This increased the predicted gas well deliverability.
Dalam aspek ilmu pengetahuan, kajian hadis secara keilmuan baik juga dari sisi metodologis terus berkembang secara integralistik. Permasalahannya ialah pada muatan proses transisi yang sedemikian panjang. Kompleksitas studi hadis ini menisca-yakan para ke-sarjana-an studi hadis era klasik maupun kontem-porer memiliki inisiatif untuk merumuskan dan memunculkan berbagai metodologi dan teori-teori yang bisa diharapkan akan betul-betul mampu menyeleksi dan memisahkan mana hadis-hadis palsu dari yang otentik, baik diteliti menggunakan metode analisis penanggalan yang didasarkan atas dasar analisis matan, isna>d, argumentum e silentio (kitab hadis), isnad cum matn, dan lain-lain. Metode ini tidak hanya dirumuskan oleh para sarjana-sarjana muslim (insider) bahkan juga oleh non-muslim (outsider, orient-alis). Perkembangan ini menunjukkan adanya pergeseran paradigma dari subyektivisme yang ditunggangi mungkin saja oleh rasa sentimental keagamaan menuju obyektivisme yang dimotori oleh keterbukaan dan kejujuran intelektual, baik di kalangan sarjana hadis muslim ataupun sebaliknya.
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