Purpose The purpose of the study is to probe the influence of individual social entrepreneurship orientations (ISEO) and SE education (SEE) which could affect social entrepreneurial intentions (SEI) among students. Design/methodology/approach The data were gathered from 241 entrepreneurship discipline university students. The data were analyzed with structural equation modeling. Findings Findings suggest that ISEO plays a vital role in stimulating SEI; moreover, SEE further moderates ISEO and SEI's relationship among students. Practical implications Based on the results, academia should focus on SEE and the government should devise policies to encourage social entrepreneurial ventures to aid in social problems solution. Originality/value This study validates the relationship of different factors (orientations and intentions) of the theory of planned behavior in the SE domain and confirms the significance of SEE.

This study aims to determine the plans and strategies adopted by the hotel industry during the COVID-19 crisis. In order to conduct this study, a qualitative research methodology was used where semi-structured interviews were conducted from three countries: Austria, Pakistan, and Indonesia. Interviews were conducted online with the help of applications such as Skype, WhatsApp, and Zoom. A thematic analysis was conducted in which codes, categories, and final themes were generated. The final themes are the study's findings, which are strategies for employees, strategies for customers, strategies for SME hotels, and strategies for the staff. Strategies for employees indicate the planning and programs of the SME Hotels. The study's findings show that strategies adopted by the hotel industries vary from country to country while depending on the contextual factors and role of the government. Most Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) hotels in developing countries are less familiar with how to react and survive in the conditions of the crises. Thus, this study can benefit the different stakeholders in the developed and developing countries for adopting strategies and maintain their business during the crises of the COVID-19.JEL Classification: B17, B27, F30, L83How to Cite:Tunio, M. N., Yusrini, L., Shah, Z. A., Katper, N., & Jariko, M. A. (2021). How Hotel Industry Cope Up With The Covid-19: An SME Perspective. Etikonomi, 20(2), 213 – xx. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v20i2.19172.

The paper aims at studying the ways power and inequality are enacted in a Pakistani talk show aired on Capital TV on 14th August 2019. The research primarily focused on analyzing turn-taking patterns of the discussion held between the host of the program and three guests. The analysis revealed the unequal distribution of turns implying the unequal distribution of power between the host and guests as well as between the guests. The host of the program through her discourse asserted power as she was the one to control the topic of discussion throughout the program. Her power can be attributed to the power of media. Besides, one of the guest speakers, Jawwad asserted his power through his knowledge. The female speaker did not have enough representation and was not given enough chance to share her views, therefore, it can be concluded that gender was another element that played an important part in forming the power relations in the discussion that was observed.Keywords: Critical Discourse Analysis, Discourse Power Relations, Media Discourse and Talk Shows, Turn-taking

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The purpose of this exploratory and descriptive research is to evaluate a representative sample of reference lists of the selected dissertation research in the field of Management in Pakistan by using descriptive citation analysis methods, citation patterns and citation evaluation on a modified, validated objective Tunon & Brydges rubric.  Furthermore, the sample was divided into two lusters to compare mean impact factors of reference lists of two lusters to see if quality of dissertations in Management in general is improving over time.  Another comparison is made to see how does the quality of theses completed at public universities fare in comparison to the quality of theses completed at private universities.    The findings of the research show that PhD theses in the field of Management appear to have been improving in terms of quality as total mean impact factor of the theses completed in second luster (2013-2017) was statistically speaking significantly different from that of the first luster (2008-2012).  However, no statistically significant difference was noted between total impact factor mean of public universities’ reference lists, when it was compared to that of private universities; allowing the researcher to conclude though quality of PhD thesis have been improving for the 10-year period studied, however there was no qualitative difference between theses completed at private universities and those which were completed at the public universities.