Management consulting, as we know it today, has existed for over 100 years. We review the basic concepts of consulting, outline the major steps in the development of business-related consulting, and highlight that consulting plays an important role in shaping the globalization of multinational firms. Next, we depict the specific evolutionary steps of consulting in Czechoslovakia and independent Slovakia in the light of global and regional trends. The development of Slovakia is described within the framework of the first (1919-1939) and the second (1945-1992) Czechoslovak Republics, and we discuss the development of Marketing, HRM, and other consulting in Slovakia. We also discuss clients' opinions of consultants in the light of an empirical research project carried out in 2018.
The purpose of this article is to present a picture of labour shortages in the V4 countries. Through a sample of regional organizations, the authors outline and analyse the data obtained in two research samples. The paper begins with a general overview of the current situation of four countries in terms of labour shortages and the pattern of labour shortages among countries. By studying two regional samples, the authors outlined what economic sectors and job families have the greatest levels of labour shortage. An analysis follows and details are provided for patterns and activities in four focal countries (the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia) describing the elements and forces that lead to national workforce deficits and also providing information on the practices organizations are implementing to mitigate this problem. Finally, we summarize the results and draw a series of conclusions.
In the introductory part of this article, the authors refer to the fact that consulting, this knowledge-based activity, can look back nearly 100 years ago. First, they review the basic concepts of consulting, and then they will outline the major steps in the development of businesslike consulting. Then the authors point out the specific evolutionary steps of consulting in Czechoslovakia and in the independent Slovakia in light of global and regional trends. Here, of course, the development of Slovakia is described within the framework of the first (1919-1939) and the second (1945-1992) Czechoslovak Republic. In the rest of this article the authors will discuss the development of consulting in Slovakia in general, marketing, HR and other fields. In this article, they also discuss what customers think about consultants in light of an empirical research in 2018.
Based on the responses of the surveyed companies and institutions, we analyzed what government measures help to solve the problems and tensions in the labor market. By our empirical research we aimed to look for the main triggers and the typical means of labor shortage and labor retention. We also examined what efficiency improvement plans and robotization programs are either planned or have already been implemented by the responding organizations. The study reflects the empirical results conducted in 2019 in seven countries in the region. One of the key issues in these countries during the period considered is the dramatic increase in labor shortages, which has been influenced by a variety of factors, namely outbound labor migration after the change of regime, unfavorable demographic factors, national and regional economic downturns as well as persistent wage differences within the EU. Wages and work-life balance are the two important factors that have a significant impact on labor mobility and fluctuation for both skilled and less skilled labor. Responses indicated a variety of reasons for labor shortages, different reasons in different countries. The research also provided an indication that robotization alone is not a solution to address labor shortages.
A gyermekvállalási hajlandóság csökkenésének problémájával a világ számos országa küzd. Tanulmányunkban Szlovákia demográfiai viszonyait elemezzük történelmi léptékben, majd bemutatjuk azokat az adópolitikai és támogatási eszközöket, amelyekkel a szlovák kormány a gyermekvállalást és a nevelést kívánja elősegíteni. Jelen tanulmány témaválasztása tulajdonképpen egy közvetett kísérlet a magyar népesedési és népesedéspolitikai intézkedések megítélésének igazolására. Korábbi kutatásainkban, empirikus vizsgálatokkal alátámasztva arra jutottunk, hogy Magyarország és Szlovákia hasonló fejlettségű és számos szempontból hasonló adottságú ország, amelyek a 2010-es évek eleje óta széles körű adópolitikai és lakásépítési támogatásokat biztosítanak. Azt elemeztük, hogy a szülőképes korú nők, családok ezekhez a támogatásokhoz hogyan viszonyulnak, valamint emelkedik-e a támogatások hatására a gyermekvállalási hajlandóság. Kifejtettük, hogy a magyar fiatalok körében kedvező a kormány CSOK-rendszere és adókedvezményei fogadtatása, ám a gyermekvállalási hajlandóság előmozdítása az állampénzügyi kedvezményeken és támogatásokon túl számos körülménytől függ. A szlovákiai viszonyok elemzésével a magyar rendszer esetleges továbbfejlesztésére, a családvállalás szempontjainak más aspektusaira is fel kívánjuk hívni a figyelmet.
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