We review mechanically reconfigurable reflectarray (RA) and transmitarray (TA) antennas. We categorize the proposed approaches into three major groups followed by a hybrid category that is made up of a combination of the three major approaches. We discuss the examples in each category and compare their performance metrics including aperture efficiency, gain, bandwidth and scanning range and resolution. We also identify opportunities to build upon or extend these demonstrated approaches to realize further advances in antenna performance.
A linearly polarised antenna with wide beam‐width is proposed. This antenna is based on substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity. The half‐power beam‐width is about 145° in the E‐plane, and 140° in the H‐plane. This proposed antenna has a low profile of 0.03λ0 (λ0 denotes to the space wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency centre) and a compact size of 0.31λ0 × 0.31λ0, which is very suitable for modern communication systems. The maximum gain is about 6 dBi, and the radiation efficiency is about 90% at the working frequency band. The cross polarisation is very small.
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