The most common comorbidities in patients with diabetes mellitus are cardiovascular diseases, obesity, dyslipidemia, thyroid disorders but other associated diseases may frequently occur. Laboratory tests are useful investigation methods that may reveal the subclinical manifestations of the disease but they are also essential for patient monitoring. The aim of the study was to assess laboratory parameters and associated diseases in diabetic subjects and to implement a scoring system with a predictive role in the evolution of the cases. Material and methods: The study group consisted of 195 subjects with documented type 1 or type 2 diabetes. About half of the cases were collected from the Procardia outpatient unit, and the rest were patients admitted to the Diabetology Clinic in T�rgu Mure�. The study was performed between January - June 2017. The results of the laboratory tests, as well as the information regarding comorbidities and treatment, was collected and patients� body mass index was calculated. Based on the clinical data, a scoring system, called Diabetes Complication Severity Index (DCSI) with a predictive role, was implemented. The diabetic outpatients presented significantly better carbohydrate metabolic balance compared to the hospitalized subjects. No significant differences could be observed regarding kidney function, hepatic status and lipid profile of the two subgroups of diabetic subjects. The most important comorbidity observed in both patient groups was arterial hypertension. The hospitalized diabetic subjects had significantly higher incidence of ischemic heart disease and significantly lower incidence of thyroid disorders compared to the outpatients. The DCSI scoring system revealed that comorbidities are more frequently present in the hospitalized patients compared to the ambulant diabetic subjects. Evaluation of clinical status and laboratory results in diabetic patients followed by implementation of a scoring system based on the data obtained regarding comorbidities could help clinicians to set up an individual treatment plan for these patients, focusing on preventing other complications.
Introduction: Hypertension and diabetes mellitus affect a large number of patients and can significantly influence their life expectancy. Changes in metabolic and oxidative stress parameters are common in these pathologies, contributing to associated complications. The aim of the study was assessment of relationship between laboratory parameters and their role in evaluation of cardiovascular risk, and possible gender-related differences in the protective factors. Material and methods: Blood samples were collected from hypertensive patients with/without diabetes mellitus admitted to the Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Clinic in Tîrgu Mureș and controls without these pathologies. Biochemical analyses were performed on Konelab analyzer (glycemia, lipid profile, kidney function tests, zinc, hsCRP). Oxidative stress markers, such as serum malondialdehyde (MDA), oxidized (GSSG) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were evaluated using an HPLC-UV/VIS technique at GEP UMPhST. Statistical analysis was performed by GraphPad InStat3. Results: Mean age of hypertensive patients (n=131) was 69.44 ± 9.02 years, 45.8% males, 31.3% being diabetics. 74.1% of the studied patients had zinc deficiency, 19.8% presented slightly elevated hsCRP. The control group included 24 nonhypertensive/nondiabetic patients of similar age. Average GSH was significantly lower (p=0.0002) in hypertensive patients, 1.89 ± 0.82 µg/ml, compared to the control group (3.23 ± 0.49 µg/ml), and no correlation could be observed between GSH and MDA values. GSH concentration was significantly higher in males (p=0.0395) and HDL-cholesterol significantly higher in females (p=0.0132). A negative correlation was observed between serum triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol concentration. Conclusions: Gender differences are present in the level of protective factors against cardiovascular diseases, while oxidative stress is intensified in hypertensive/diabetic patients.
Objectives of the study were to investigate the smoking prevalence, knowledge, attitudes and beliefs among Romanian pharmacy students. Surveys were conducted among pharmacy students during 2014�2016. A locally-adapted version of the Global Health Professional Students Survey was used, which is a self-administered questionnaire developed by the World Health Organization to assess smoking behaviors and attitudes among health professional students. The study was conducted at the University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology (UMPhST) of Targu Mures, Romania (UMPh of Targu Mures, at that time). All pharmacy students (1st�5th years) were invited to participate in this study. In the first year of the study 414, during the second year 396, and in the third year a number of 449 pharmacy students were enrolled in our survey. There were assessed the prevalence of current cigarette smoking and other tobacco use in pharmacy students, defined as smoking or other tobacco use at least once in the past 30 days, and also the opinion, knowledge and attitude of these students regarding the tobacco-related legislation. 29.5% of the evaluated pharmacy students were current smokers in the first year of the study, 26.1% in the second year and 29.9% in the third year of the study. 45.7% of the enrolled pharmacy students used other tobacco products in the past 30 days in 2014, 41.5% in 2015 and 44.4% in 2016. Among current smokers desire to quit was high, ranging between 93.6�96.4%. Support for tobacco-banning legislation among pharmacy students showed significant increase in the last year of our study. This study contributes to knowledge on tobacco use among pharmacy students at the UMPhST in Targu Mures, Romania. Our results suggest that smoking prevalence in this cohort is low and that these health professional students are supportive of tobacco control policies. At the end of study period the National Clean Air Law nr. 15/2016 was implemented in Romania and our university became the first smoke-free medical university in the country.
We investigate the prevalence of psychosocial risk factors (PRFs) among patients admitted to a cardiovascular rehabilitation clinic.
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