Background:The level of occupational violence against nurses increases from 68.8 to 98.6 percent, which is a considerable rate among healthcare settings. To create a safe environment for patient care in the emergency department (ED), a comprehensive program for the prevention of violence is necessary. The aim of this study was to plan a workplace violence prevention program (WVPP) to reduce the level of patients' and their families' violence against nurses.Materials and Methods:The present study is a quantitative part of a participatory action research project conducted in an 18-month period from October 2012 to May 2014 in an ED of Iran. In the diagnosing phase, we used quantitative and qualitative approaches. The second and third phases were assigned to design and implementation of WVPP involving a combination of educational and managerial interventions. In the evaluation phase, frequencies of patients' and their families' violence against nurses and nurses' fear of violence were measured.Results:Mc-Nemar test showed that 85.70% (n = 42) frequencies of verbal violence before implementing WVPP significantly decreased to 57.10% (n = 28) after implementing WVPP (p = 0.007). Statistical-dependent t-test (p < 0.001) indicated a significant difference in the mean (SD) scores of nurses' fear of violence before 46.10 (8.3) and after intervention 34.30 (4.6).Conclusions:Applying educational and managerial interventions was effective in reduction of workplace violence. Thus, it is recommended to include a combined approach in designing WVPP in cultures similar to Iran and pay attention to effective interactions with patients' family.

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Quitting smoking can reduce lung cancers and other health problems. Nurses play an important role in helping patients to quit smoking.

Background: Investigation of various aspects of care in ostomy patients is of clinical importance, as the level of knowledge and skills of nurses directly influences the quality of patient education and satisfaction with received care. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine knowledge of nurses in general surgery wards regarding fecal intestinal ostomies. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed during year 2015 at teaching hospitals (Ghaem, Imam Reza and Omid hospitals) affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran. We used census for sampling, and the study population included all nurses, who were working in intestinal ostomy surgery wards. Inclusion criteria were having an undergraduate degree in nursing and at least one-year work experience at the surgical ward. Data collection tools were a demographic information questionnaire and a researcher-made survey of "assessment of knowledge of nurses in ostomy care". Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 11.5. Results: Overall, 83.9% of participants were female and mean work experience at the surgical ward was 4.23 (SD = 3.73). More than half of the nurses gave incorrect answers to questions related to the use of powders and sprays associated with skin itching and sensitivity (64.3%), and how to care for ostomy with a rod (66.1%). Nurses also showed low and very low levels of knowledge on symptoms and control of obstruction (57.1%), change duration in the size of ostomy (66%), sexual intercourse (57.1%), colostomy complications (51.8%) and ileostomy (57.1%) and authorized or unauthorized activities (50%) as well as how to perform bowel irrigation (75%). Conclusions: According to the results of this study, the knowledge of nurses was not enough to provide primary care for ostomy; thus due to the importance of adequate knowledge and because of needs assessments, it is recommended for nursing managers to conduct retraining courses and other educational approaches for nurses.

The quality of care in patient's view lacks the optimal and desired level in hospital wards with respect to psychosocial dimension. Moreover, there is a direct relationship between the methods of the division labor of nurses and the quality of patient care.Objective: This study aimed to compare the primary nursing method and case method on the psychosocial dimension of the quality of patient care in Coronary Care Units (CCU). Materials and Methods:This is a experimental study conducted on 60 patients in two groups at 4 CCUs of Educational Centers in Mashhad City, Iran in 2014. After performing these two methods, the quality of patient care with respect to psychosocial dimensions were assessed by the interview method using the quality of patient care questionnaire. Finally, the results were analyzed using the Independent t test, Mann-Whitney and Chisquare tests. Results:The mean age of patients was 56.4±13.7 years and the mean age of nurses was 37.4±4.4 years. The mean score of individual psychosocial dimension was 41.7±7.1 for the primary nursing method group and 27.6±8.9 for the case method group. Also the mean score of group psychosocial dimension for the quality of care in primary nursing method 17.3±5.7 and case method 12.3±7.6 groups using Independent t test showed a significant difference between the two groups, i.e. the quality of both individual and group psychosocial dimensions in the primary group were significantly higher (P=0.0001). Conclusion:It seems that the implementation of primary nursing method can partly improve the quality of care in individual and group psychosocial dimensions.

Background: Patient education is one of the most basic patient rights. It has multiple benefits including decreased patient anxiety, increased patient adherence to treatment programs, and ultimately improvement of healthcare service quality. Patients, especially those with chronic conditions, make daily decisions about illness self-management. Given the nature of their professions, physicians and nurses have more responsibility regarding patient education. Objectives: This study compared patient's satisfaction with educational performance of physicians to that of nurses at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Patients and Methods:This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in 2013 with 231 patients hospitalized in Mashhad-based hospitals affiliated with Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Sampling was performed nonrandomly using quota sampling. Data collection tools were a demographic information questionnaire and separate questionnaires for satisfaction with educational performance of physicians and nurses. Data were analyzed in SPSS (11.5) using t-and Wilcoxon's tests. Results: There were 231 participants (men: 55.3%). Of them, 58.9% of the patients were satisfied with educational performance of nurses and 50.6% were satisfied with that of physicians. To compare satisfaction with physicians' (66.2 ± 23.4) and nurses' (74.1 ± 24.1) educational performances, mean total satisfaction points out of 100 were obtained. Independent t-test showed a significant difference in this regard (P = 0.02). Conclusions: Nurses and physicians' educational roles should be examined in the authors' healthcare system. Further surveys are needed to find and assess individual and organizational approaches to improve physicians' and nurses' educational performances.

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