Rare metal (La or Nd) doped BaSn-based composites with highly polycrystalline nature were successfully synthesized through a simple hydrothermal route.The doped composites were investigated by X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, solid ultraviolet diffuse reflectance spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, photoluminescence, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and photocatalytic measurements. La and Nd doping induces the morphological change of the BaSn-based composites from the nanorods to irregular nanoscale particles with the average size of about 100 nm. La and Nd in the doped composites exist in the form of cubic La 2 Sn 2 O 7 and cubic Nd 2 Sn 2 O 7 phases. The absorption edge of the doped composites red-shifts comparing with that of the non-doped composites. The doped BaSn-based composites with the La or Nd mass ratio of 8 wt% possess the smallest band-gap energy in the doped composites and the good light absorption ability. The La or Nd doping mass ratio has an important role in the photocatalytic degradation of the crystal violet (CV) dye. The CV molecules in the 20-mL CV solution with 10 mg L −1 can be totally removed by the 20-mg La-or Nd-doped BaSn-based composites under the light irradiation for 150 min. Scavenger experiments show that hydroxyl free radicals (•OH) and superoxide anion radicals (•O 2 − ) are effective oxidizing agents for CV degradation. Photoluminescence and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy show that the significant decrease in the recombination ability of the electron and hole pairs by the rare metal doping is of great importance for enhancing the photocatalytic activity of the BaSn-based composites. The La-or Nd-doped BaSn-based composites show good reusability for CV degradation. Keywords BaSn-based composites; Rare metal; Doping; Crystal violet; Photocatalysis 42 et al. [9] reported that the tin oxide nanospheres had large 43 specific surface area with the value of about 160 m 2 g −1 and 44 exhibited good photocatalytic activity towards methyl or-45 ange (MO) under the ultraviolet (UV) light with good pho-46 tocatalytic recyclability. Very recently, BaSn-based nanorods 47 with monoclinic BaSn(OH) 6 and orthorhombic SnO 2 phases, 48 50−150 nm in diameter, were successfully prepared by our 49 group [10]. The obtained BaSn-based nanorods possessed a 50 band-gap energy of 3.74 eV and showed good photocatalytic 51 activity towards crystal violet (CV) under the UV light irra-52 diation. However, the band-gap energy of the BaSn-based 53 nanorods is large and is restrictive for the application in the 54 photocatalytic field. Therefore, it is essential to develop ef-55 ficient method to decrease the band-gap energy and to en-56 hance the photocatalytic properties of the BaSn-based na-firstly investigated by analyzing the relationship between the 359 CV concentration change ratio (C/C 0 ) and the UV light irra-360 diation time. The CV degradation efficiency was calculated 361 according to the following equation: CV degradation effi-362 ciency % = (1 − C/C 0 ) × 100, where ...
Bi2O3/Dy2O3 nanoflakes with triclinic Bi2O3 and cubic Dy2O3 phases were synthesized by a hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB)-assisted hydrothermal route. The Bi2O3/Dy2O3 nanoflakes were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, electron microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The size of the Bi2O3/Dy2O3 nanoflakes with curled surface is about 2 μm and thickness is about 25 nm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirms the chemical composition of the Bi2O3/Dy2O3 nanoflakes. The formation process of the Bi2O3/Dy2O3 nanoflakes was investigated by controlling the CTAB concentration, reaction temperature and reaction time. The formation of the Bi2O3/Dy2O3 nanoflakes depends on CTAB. The results of cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy demonstrate good electro-catalytic activity of the Bi2O3/Dy2O3 nanoflakes towards L-cysteine with a pair of quasi-reversible CV peaks at +0.01 V and –0.68 V, respectively. Bi2O3/Dy2O3 nanoflakes modified electrode detects L-cysteine linearly over a concentration ranging from 0.001 to 2 mM with a detection limit of 0.32 μM. The proposed nanocomposites modified electrode possesses good reproducibility and stability which can be used as a promising candidate for L-cysteine detection.
aims: The aim is to synthesize Sm (Er)-doped BaSn based nanoscale materials through a simple hydrothermal process and research the photocatalytic performance of the Sm (Er)-doped BaSn based nanoscale materials for the gentian violet degradation. background: Sm (Er) doping is an effective strategy for enhancing the photocatalytic activity of the semiconductor photocatalysts for the degradation of the organic pollutants. BaSn based nanorods possess wide band gap energy which limits the photocatalytic application. It is of important significance to research the feasibility of the improved photocatalytic performance of the BaSn based nanorods by doping with Sm (Er). objective: The aim is to synthesize Sm (Er)-doped BaSn based nanoscale materials through a simple hydrothermal process and research the photocatalytic performance of the Sm (Er)-doped BaSn based nanoscale materials for the gentian violet degradation. method: Sm (Er)-doped BaSn based nanoscale materials with poly-crystalline structure were synthesized through a simple hydrothermal process. The Sm (Er)-doped composites were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, solid diffuse reflectance spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, photoluminescence and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. result: Sm (Er) doping induces the morphological evolution of the BaSn based nanoscale materials from the nanorods to irregular nanoscale particles. Sm (Er) in the doped BaSn based nanoscale materials exists in the form of the cubic Sm2Sn2O7 and orthorhombic ErF3 phases. The band gap value is decreased with increasing the Sm (Er) dopant contents. Sm (Er)-doped BnSnbased nanoscale materials with the Sm (Er) content of 8wt.% has the lowest band gap and shows the strongest light absorption ability. Comparing with the un-doped BaSn based nanoscale materials, the Sm (Er)-doped BnSnbased nanoscale materials exhibit higher photocatalytic activity for the gentian violet degradation. 8wt.% Sm-doped BnSnbased nanoscale materials show the highest photocatalytic activity for the degradation of the gentian violet. 20 mL gentian violet solution (concentration of 10 mg•L-1) can be totally degraded using 20 mg 8wt.% Sm-doped BnSnbased nanoscale materials under the UV light illumination for 150 min. conclusion: The enhanced photocatalytic activity of the Sm (Er)-doped BnSn based nanoscale materials can be attributed to the decreased band gap, enhanced light absorption ability and decrease of the recombination of the photo-generated electron-hole pairs. other: The Sm (Er)-doped BnSn based nanoscale materials show enhanced photocatalytic performance towards gentian violet.
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