“…The L-cysteine measurement technology for clinical and commercial purposes is still under research, and the development of low-cost, simple, and highly sensitive L-cysteine detectors has become a key task in the food, biological, and medical fields [ 8 ]. At present, there are many detection methods for L-cysteine, mainly including high-performance liquid chromatography [ 9 ], colorimetric detection [ 10 ], flow injection analysis (FIA) [ 11 ], photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensors [ 12 ], fluorescence spectroscopy [ 13 ], and electrochemical detection techniques [ 14 , 15 , 16 ]. Among these methods, most of them have drawbacks, such as a complex sample preparation process, expensive precision instruments, inconvenient operation, or low sensitivity, which greatly limit their application in practical detection.…”