Epiphyseal plate injury, a common problem in pediatric orthopedics, may result in poor bone repair or growth defects. Epiphyseal plate, also known as growth plate is a layer of hyaline cartilage tissue between the epiphysis and metaphyseal and has the ability to grow longitudinally. Under normal physiological conditions, the epiphyseal plate has a certain axial resistance to stress, but it is fragile in growth phase and can be damaged by excessive stress, leading to detachment or avulsion of the epiphysis, resulting in life-long devastating consequences for patients. There is an obvious inflammatory response in the phase of growth plate injury, the limited physiological inflammatory response locally favors tissue repair and the organism, but uncontrolled chronic inflammation always leads to tissue destruction and disease progression. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), as representative inflammatory factors, not only affect the inflammatory phase response to bone and soft tissue injury, but have a potentially important role in the later repair phase, though the exact mechanism is not fully understood. At present, epiphyseal plate injuries are mainly treated by corrective and reconstructive surgery, which is highly invasive with limited effectiveness, thus new therapeutic approaches are urgently needed, so a deeper understanding and exploration of the pathological mechanisms of epiphyseal plate injuries at the cellular molecular level is an entry point. In this review, we fully introduced the key role of IL-1 in the progression of epiphyseal plate injury and repair, deeply explored the mechanism of IL-1 on the molecular transcript level and endocrine metabolism of chondrocytes from multiple aspects, and summarized other possible mechanisms to provide theoretical basis for the clinical treatment and in-depth study of epiphyseal plate injury in children.

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Epiphyses plate injury is one of the common problems in pediatric orthopedic surgeons. Interleukin-1β(IL-1β)-mediated inflammatory response is a major concern after clinical treatment of fractures and is bivalent in the growth and development of the epiphyses plate. As an extremely important inflammatory factor, IL-1β participates in the pathological development of a variety of bone and joint diseases by deeply affecting the molecular transcription level of chondrocytes and endocrine metabolism, and currently, there are few studies on epiphyses plate chondrocytes. Therefore, this review aims to illustrate the mechanism of IL-1β on chondrocytes and epiphyses plate chondrocytes, to shed light on theoretical grounds for clinical treatment and profound research of children epiphyses plate injury in the future.