BackgroundDisrupted whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) of the posterior cingulate (PCC) has been highlighted to associate with cognitive and affective dysfunction in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, prior ndings showed certain inconsistency about the RSFC of the PCC in MDD. This study aims to investigate the aberrant RSFC of the PCC in MDD using anisotropic effect-size version of seed-based d mapping (AES-SDM). MethodsWeb of Science and PubMed were searched for studies investigating PCC-based RSFC in MDD. A total of 17 studies, involving 804 patients and 724 healthy controls (HCs), t our selection criteria. Additionally, to seek for the link between functional and structural differences, we did a metaanalysis on the studies in conjunction with Voxel-based morphology (VBM) analysis. ResultsThe PCC showed higher RSFC with the left middle temporal gyrus (MTG) and the right middle frontal gyrus (MFG), and lower RSFC with the left superior frontal gyrus (SFG) and the left precuneus in patients with MDD than HCs. Notably, the left MTG and the left MFG were the overlapped regions of aberrant VBM and RSFC results. ConclusionsOur results indicated that the aberrant RSFC between the PCC and brain regions sub-serving cognitive control and emotional regulation in patients with MDD. And such functional alterations may have structural basis. These ndings may underlie the mechanisms of de cits in cognitive control and emotional regulation of MDD.

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In order to prevent the occurrence of aortic adverse events in ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm patients, preventive surgery is the sole option in case of large aneurysm. Identifying high-risk patients timely and accurately requires effective predictive indicators of aortic adverse events and accurate risk stratification thresholds. Absolute diameter measured after a single imaging examination, which has been used as the predictive indicator for decades, has been proved to be ineffective for risk stratification in moderately dilated aorta. Previously, new indicators combining absolute diameters with personalized parameters have been reported to show better predictive power of aortic adverse events than absolute diameters by correcting the effect of these parameters on the diameters. Meanwhile, combining three-dimensional parameters to formulate risk stratification thresholds not only may characterize the aortic risk morphology more precisely, but also predict aortic adverse events more accurately. These new indicators may provide more systematic assessment methods of patients' risk, formulate more personalized intervention strategies for ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm patients, and also provide a basis for researchers to develop more accurate and effective risk thresholds. We also highlight that the algorithm obtained by combining multiple indicators may be a better choice compared with single indicator, but this still requires the support of more evidence.Due to the particularity of syndromic aortic disease, whether these new indicators can be used for its risk stratification is still uncertain. Therefore, the scope of this manuscript does not include this kind of disease.