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IntroductionThe aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG) in the peri-urban adult population living in the island of Anjouan, Comoros and to investigate the factors associated with diabetes mellitus.MethodsThe survey was a cross-sectional study, in which a sample of 902 individuals (540 women and 362 men) aged 25 to 64 was selected using empirical sampling “quotas” or “reasoned choice” survey method. Hypertension and obesity abdominal measurements of these subjects were collected during face-to-face interviews and following day fasting blood glucose was measured in capillary blood.ResultsParticipation rate was 83.5%. The mean age of subjects was 39.5 ± 11.63 years. The sex ratio was 0.67. Overall crude diabetes and IFG prevalence were 8.5% and 8.1%, respectively. The risk factors for diabetes type 2 onset were a family history of diabetes (P = 0.006), older age (P = 0.000), glycemic control (P = 0.010), excess waist circumference (P = 0.03) and hypertension (p = 0.000), were significantly positively associated with DM, contrary to sex (P = 0.142).ConclusionThese high figures confirm that diabetes and factors associated do not spare Anjouan population. Awareness, primary prevention, are to set up for a better control of non-communicable diseases.

This study aimed to determine the frequency of metabolic syndrome and to identify its predictive factors in peri- and post-menopausal women in the city of Ksar El Kebir, in northern Morocco. A total of 373 peri- and post-menopausal women between 45 and 64 years old participated in the study. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) definition. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated to assess the degree of obesity in women; anthropometric, clinical and biological parameters were collected during interviews. The mean ages of peri- and postmenopausal women were 48.84 ± 2.4 years and 56.65 ± 4.29 years, respectively. Postmenopausal women had higher means of anthropometric and biological parameters than peri-menopausal women. We also noted a predominance of metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women (n = 158) compared to peri-menopausal women (n = 81). Waist circumference was the predominant marker in the subjects studied, whereas triglycerides were the lower marker. In the overall population, the incidence of metabolic syndrome and its associated factors were higher in postmenopausal women than in peri-menopausal women, from which it can be concluded that post menopause may be a predictor of metabolic syndrome.

Introduction the purpose of this study was to bring out some epidemiological and clinical characteristics of metabolic syndrome. Methods a total of 300 subjects willingly participated in the present study which was conducted at Ibn Zohr regional hospital in Marrakesh. We were interested in socio-demographic variables, body mass index (BMI) which assesses the degree of obesity of each subject. The blood parameters were determined by an adequate biochemistry automaton. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software. Results among the 300 subjects who participated in the study, 57.3% were females and 42.7% were males with a sex-ratio of 0.74. The average age was 51.6 ± 13.42 years old. Seventy nine of the participants (26.3%) had a metabolic syndrome, with a predominance of women: 60 women (34.9%) and 19 men (14.8%). Illiterates (33.8%) and married subjects (25.6%) were the most affected by the metabolic syndrome. The high waist circumference found in 97.5% was the predominant criteria in our study. Finally, the statistical analysis showed a significant association between high waist circumference, BMI and the presence of metabolic syndrome (P = 0.001>) and (P < 0.001) respectively. Conclusion the metabolic syndrome is slowly but surely setting. Implementing prevention strategies and encouraging healthy lifestyles will surely minimize serious public health problems in the city.

The novel Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in an overall increase in new cases of depression and burnout and exacerbation of existing mental health problems, with particular emotional and physical harm to healthcare workers. For this reason, the aim of this study is to assess occupational exhaustion and to determine its risk factors within this population during the period of COVID- 19. This is about a cross-sectional study that was conducted from March to June 2020. The target population was health professionals working in the various departments of COVID-19, in public hospitals in Rabat-Sale-Kenitra region of Morocco. To evaluate the burnout, we chose the French version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). The average age of the participants was 42.8±7.4. The gender ratio was balanced at 1.1. Regarding professional status, 61% of the participants are nurses and 39% are doctors. The average professional seniority was 20±8.9 years. As shown in the figure below, the MBI revealed that: 80% (n=72) suffered from burnout, of which 49% (n=44) had a low level, 17% (n=15) had a moderate level and 14% (n=13) had a severe burnout. Unmarried status (Odds Ratio= 9.61; 95% IC= [0.19-2.13]; P-value=0.001); The protective measures unavailable to health professionals (Odds Ratio= 7.13; 95%IC=[2.32-21.89];P-value=0.001); dissatisfaction with the efforts made by the Ministry of Health to fight Covid-19 (Odds Ratio= 9.1; IC95%=[2.82-29.37]; P-value=0.001) are the most important risk factors. In light of these results, interventions to support the mental well-being of health care professionals during and after the COVID-19 period should be implemented immediate.

This study aimed to examine the association between physical activity (PA), body composition, and metabolic disorders in a population of Moroccan women classified by menopausal status. This cross-sectional study comprised 373 peri- and postmenopausal women aged 45–64 years old. PA levels were assessed using the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF). Body composition and metabolic disorders were assessed by measurements of anthropometric and biological parameters: weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), WC/HC ratio, percent body fat, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, and serum lipids (total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), HDL-C, and LDL-C). Metabolic syndrome (MetS) was diagnosed according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) criteria. Pearson correlations were used to test for associations. The mean total PA score of perimenopausal women was 1683.51 ± 805.36 MET-min/week, and of postmenopausal women was 1450.81 ± 780.67 MET-min/week. In all participants, peri- and postmenopausal women, PA was significantly and inversely associated with BMI, weight, percent body fat, HC, WC, and number of MetS components (p < 0.01), and with fasting blood glucose, TC, TG, and LDL-C (p < 0.05). The frequencies of metabolic disorders, obesity, abdominal obesity, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and MetS were significantly lower at moderate and intense levels of PA (p < 0.05), in also all participants. In middle-aged women, particularly those who are peri-menopausal, PA at moderate and intense levels is associated with more favorable body composition and less frequent metabolic disorders. However, in this particular study, PA does not appear to be associated with blood pressure and HDL-C concentrations. Future studies may be needed to further clarify these findings.

Introduction le but de cette étude était de faire une corrélation entre le syndrome métabolique et le niveau de l'activité physique chez une population de Marrakech, au Maroc. Méthodes l'étude a été menée à l'Hôpital régional Ibn Zohr de Marrakech. L'indice de masse corporelle (IMC) a été calculé pour évaluer le degré d'obésité de chaque sujet. Pour déterminer le niveau d'activité physique, nous avons utilisé la version courte du questionnaire IPAQ (International Physical Activity Questionnaire); Les paramètres sanguins ont été mesurés par un automate de biochimie. Toutes les analyses statistiques ont été effectuées à l'aide du logiciel SPSS. Résultats au total, 300 sujets ont participé à l'étude, dont 57,3% de femmes et 42,7% d'hommes avec un sex-ratio de 0,74. L'âge moyen de notre population était de 51,6 ± 13,42 ans. Soixante-dix-neuf des participants (26,3%) avaient un syndrome métabolique, avec une prédominance féminine: 60 femmes (34,9%) et 19 hommes (14,8%). Il existe une relation significative entre le niveau d'activité physique et la présence de syndrome métabolique (p = 0,002), entre le niveau d'activité physique et l'IMC et le tour de taille (p < 0,001) et (p = 0,003) respectivement. Conclusion les résultats approuvent l´association significative entre l´obésité, le syndrome métabolique et le niveau de l´activité physique, ce qui nous inciterait à encourager l´application des règles hygiéno-diététiques, notamment l´activité physique, qui reste l´une des meilleures actions de prévention contre cette pathologie.

The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of metabolic syndrome according to the two definitions: NCEP-ATP III and IDF 2005 and to analyze their differences in a population in Marrakech, Morocco. The study was carried out at Ibn Zohr hospital in Marrakech. The body mass index (BMI) was calculated to assess the degree of obesity of each subject. The blood parameters were measured by an appropriate biochemistry automaton. The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was made according to the definitions of NCEP-ATP III and IDF 2005. All statistical analyzes were performed using SPSS software. A total of 300 subjects participated in the study, including 57.3% of women and 42.7% of men, with a sex ratio of 0.74. The mean age of our population was 51.6 ± 13.42 years. According to NCEP-ATP III, 79 of the participants (26.3%) had the metabolic syndrome, with a predominance of women: 60 women (20.0%) and 19 men (6.3%); according to the IDF, 139 or (46.3%) of the participants had MS, in which 31.0% were women and 15.3% were men. Waist circumference and hyperglycemia were the two predominant criteria according to both definitions. The study showed that all criteria were statistically associated with the presence of MS. The metabolic syndrome is common in our population regardless of the definition criteria used. The implementation of prevention strategies and the encouragement of a healthy lifestyle will minimize serious health problems in Marrakech city.