The article analyses the contribution of the Kazakh traditional ethics to the formation of a modern harmonious world. The peaceful and harmonizing nature of the philosophical ethics of various civilizations at different stages of history characterizes the diversity and unity of human aspirations for peace and harmony. The development of nuclear weapons in the modern world is a serious challenge to this concept of development. Ethical ideas of different nations can be used as a weighty argument in favour of the refusal of mankind from nuclear weapons. The authors focus on the harmonious worldview of the nomads, who understood the interconnectedness of the world of man and the world of nature.
The article examines the problem of sovereignty of the Republic of Kazakhstan through the prism of Kazakh-Russian interstate relations. The key conclusions made by the authors are that, first of all, Kazakh-Russian relations are based on the post-Soviet model and the concept of the sovereignty of the Republic of Kazakhstan, which retains significant elements of the Soviet constitutional model of relations between the Union center and the republics; secondly, as part of this sovereignty model, the Republic of Kazakhstan has to make concessions in the economic, financial and other forms of sovereignty. However, the Republic of Kazakhstan makes no concessions in matters of territorial integrity and other fundamental aspects of its sovereignty. Thirdly, it was easier for the Republic of Kazakhstan to maintain the image of the Russian Federation as a strategic partner between 1991 and the mid-2000s, but since that time, the Russian Federation has been pursuing an openly neo-imperial policy in the post-Soviet space, thus, the increasing securitization of the relations with the Russian Federation requires great efforts from the Republic of Kazakhstan to protect its sovereignty and territorial integrity.
This article for the first time provides an overview of the ethnological, historical, demographic aspects of the city’s culture from a philosophical point of view, its genesis and evolution. Explanations were given to Plato’s ideas about the city, including records about the island of Atlantis or about the city on it, the opinions of researchers who were seriously interested in its mythological and real moments were analyzed, conclusions were drawn that Atlantis is an archetypal prototype of cities. Also, considering the social philosophy of Plato, whose ideas about other Greek polis are intertwined with forms of government, its historical cognitive significance is revealed. The author analyzes Aristotle’s ideas about the forms of power over society: royal power, aristocracy, polity; tyranny, oligarchy, democracy in terms of social philosophy. From the views of Aristotle on the policies, general conclusions were made: preference for military structures, spheres of spiritual life, such as education, politics, upbringing, etc. A philosophical analysis of the structure and political social significance, historical morality of the Roman city-capital of the Roman Empire was also carried out. As a result, the meaning and essence of the cities of the era of antiquity, structural and functional foundations were fixed.
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