BACKGROUNDStevia has been proposed as a potential antidiabetic sweetener, mainly based on inconsistent results from stevioside or the plant extract, yet lacking relative experimental evidence from individual steviol glycosides (SGs) and their metabolites.RESULTSThe results systematically revealed that the typical SGs and their final metabolite (steviol) presented an antidiabetic effect on streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic mice in all assayed antidiabetic aspects. In general, the performance strength of the samples followed the sequence steviol > steviol glucosyl ester > steviolbioside > rubusoside > stevioside > rebaudioside A, which is opposite to their sweetness strength order, and generally in accordance with the glucosyl group numbers in their molecules. This may imply that the antidiabetic effect of the SGs might be achieved through steviol, which presented antidiabetic performance similar to that of metformin with a dose of 1/20 that of metformin. Moreover, the 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose traced micro‐PET experiment revealed that stevioside and steviol could increase the uptake of glucose in the myocardium and brain of the diabetic mice within 60 min, and decrease the accumulation of glucose in the liver and kidney.CONCLUSIONSThe SGs and steviol presented an antidiabetic effect on STZ diabetic mice in all assayed aspects, with an induction time to start the effect of the SGs. Stevioside and steviol could increase uptake of glucose in the myocardium and brain of the diabetic mice, and decrease accumulation of glucose in the liver and kidney. The performance strength of the SGs is generally in accordance with glucosyl group numbers in their molecules.
In this study, a monoglucosyl rebaudioside
A product was isolated
from the mixture of glucosylated rebaudioside A obtained from the
most reported and industrial used cyclodextrin glycosyl transferase,
Toruzyme 3.0 L (CGTase, Toruzyme 3.0 L). The molecular structure of
the monoglucosyl rebaudioside A was characterized using LC-MS/MS and
methylation analysis combined with 1D and 2D NMR, indicating that
it is 13-[(2-O-(3-α-O-D-glucopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy] ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (also known as RQ3, which naturally exists
in Stevia extract as an isomer of rebaudioside D). This study may
help to further understand the reaction mechanism of glucosylation
of steviol glycoside assisted by Toruzyme 3.0 L in the aspect of molecule
linkage pattern, and also benefit the application of the glucosylated
rebaudiosides.
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