No abstract

Large-size scintillators with high efficiency and ultrafast radiation fluorescence have shown more potential in the applications to ionizing radiation detection of medical diagnosis, nuclear control and high-energy physics. Currently, although traditional scintillators have made tremendous progress in scintillation efficiency, there are still challenges left in fluorescence lifetime. Faced with that problem, we adopted 2-inch ZnO as the substrate and doped gallium as activator to realize an ultrafast fluorescence excited by α-ray, of which the decay time is only 600 ps that is the shortest scintillation decay time reported so far. The results show that the shallow donor related with gallium not only effectively suppresses band-edge self-absorption, but makes ultrafast radiation possible, which gets gallium-doped ZnO as a potential scintillator for high-quality ultrafast dynamic imaging proved.

A facile gaseous-bubbles templating approach to synthesize porous C-doped g-C3N4 with enhanced photocatalytic activity for hydrogen evolution reaction.

Schwann cells (SCs) dominate the regenerative behaviors after peripheral nerve injury by supporting axonal regrowth and remyelination. Previous reports also demonstrated that the existence of SCs is beneficial for nerve regeneration after traumatic injuries in central nervous system. Therefore, the transplantation of SCs/SC-like cells serves as a feasible cell therapy to reconstruct the microenvironment and promote nerve functional recovery for both peripheral and central nerve injury repair. However, direct cell transplantation often leads to low efficacy, due to injection induced cell damage and rapid loss in the circulatory system. In recent years, biomaterials have received great attention as functional carriers for effective cell transplantation. To better mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM), many biodegradable materials have been engineered with compositional and/or topological cues to maintain the biological properties of the SCs/SCs-like cells. In addition, ECM components or factors secreted by SCs also actively contribute to nerve regeneration. Such cell-free transplantation approaches may provide great promise in clinical translation. In this review, we first present the current bio-scaffolds engineered for SC transplantation and their achievement in animal models and clinical applications. To this end, we focus on the physical and biological properties of different biomaterials and highlight how these properties affect the biological behaviors of the SCs/SC-like cells. Second, the SC-derived biomaterials are also reviewed and discussed. Finally, the relationship between SCs and functional biomaterials is summarized, and the trends of their future development are predicted toward clinical applications.

Lutetium oxide (Lu2O3), an ultrawide semiconductor with an intrinsic bandgap of 5.5–5.9 eV, has been proposed as a potential material for a high- performance deep-ultraviolet (DUV) photodetector. Here, crystal oriented Lu2O3 films with bandgap of 5.6 eV are grown on GaN substrates through sputtering Lu2O3 target, based on which a graphene/Lu2O3/GaN DUV photovoltaic detector is constructed with its photoelectric performance being systematically studied. According to our research, under 0 V bias and 185 nm DUV irradiation, this device shows a high photoresponsivity of ∼13.7 μA/W, a short response time of ∼0.4 s, and a high light to dark current ratio of >600, which is about 1 order of magnitude higher than that of a currently reported DUV photovoltaic detector based on other films grown by magnetron sputtering. This research helps to broaden the range of candidate materials for DUV photodetectors and can work as a significant reference to develop the technology for device fabrication.