This paper deals with the decentralized control design for ethanol fermentation by Zymomonas mobilis. Extractive fermentation has been proposed to improve the ethanol yield and productivity due to product inhibition. The complexity of biological systems and significant process variability can always lead to ineffective control system performance. In this paper, a 2x2 and 3x3 multi-scale control systems have been proposed. It is shown that the PID control design based on the multi-scale control scheme is effective for complex high-order systems.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.