This paper investigates the heat transfer characteristics of hydrostatic bearing in a 5m vertical lathe based on fluid-solid-heat coupling analysis. The relationship among convective heat transfer coefficient of hydrostatic bearing friction pairs, rotational speed and load is deduced. The influence of rotational speed, heavy load and convection mode on heat dissipation performance of friction pairs in a hydrostatic bearing is investigated by numerical simulation and experimental test. It is found that the temperature of the upper and side surfaces of rotational workbench decreases slightly with the increase of rotational speed and heavy load, and the temperature of the upper and side surfaces are 26.6 • C and 22.4 • C respectively when its rotational speed is 60r/min and load is 25t, compared with 10r/min and 25t load, and the temperature decreases by 6.3% and 4.7% respectively, then the temperature remains basically constant, the heat transfer mode of rotational workbench is mainly forced convection. Rotational speed is the main factor that affects the heat transfer characteristics of the rotational workbench, the effect is greater when the rotational speed is less than 60r/min, and there is little effect when it is higher than 60r/min, the load has less effect on heat transfer characteristics. However, the heat transfer mode of the base is mainly heat conduction and natural convection. INDEX TERMS High speed and heavy load, hydrostatic thrust bearing, friction pairs, heat transfer characteristic, simulation and experiment study.
Background: As the basis of mechanical manufacturing, large-scale machine tools are developing in the direction of improving processing accuracy, load-bearing capacity and rigidity. Hydrostatic thrust bearing, hydrostatic guide and hydrostatic ram are important components of large machine tools, with the continuous improvement of product accuracy requirements, the research on hydrostatic thrust bearing, hydrostatic guide and hydrostatic ram are more important. Objective: This paper introduces the current research on hydrostatic thrust bearing, hydrostatic guide and hydrostatic ram to express the importance of hydrostatic ram in improving the machining accuracy of machine tools. The study aims to lay a foundation for research and development of hydrostatic ram in the future. Methods: Firstly, the hydrostatic bearing technology is introduced. Secondly, the research status of hydrostatic thrust bearing, hydrostatic guide and hydrostatic ram are introduced to provide theoretical basis for improving the processing performance of rest ram. Result: Deformation compensation and thermal deformation compensation of hydrostatic ram have been studied more. Most of study focus on the accuracy of hydrostatic ram, but less on the bearing performance of hydrostatic ram. Conclusion: Breakthroughs have been made in the research on precision control and structural form of the hydrostatic bearing at home and abroad. Most scholars take the ram of Computer Numerically Control (CNC) boring and milling machines as the research object, but there are less research on the ram of vertical lathes. Therefore, the academic circle should pay more attention to the bearing performance of the hydrostatic ram of vertical lathes.
Background: The eccentric load has a great influence on the bearing capacity, which can easily lead to a decrease in bearing capacity or even the destruction of working conditions. Objective: The prospects for bearing eccentric load research are put forward, hoping to provide some help for the development and optimization of bearings. Methods: According to recently published patents and journal papers, the theoretical and experimental research on bearing eccentric load conditions are summarized, and research progress at home and abroad is discussed. This article summarizes the research status of bearing anti-eccentric load. Finally, the research direction of bearing eccentric load and the research direction of anti-eccentric load are prospected. Results: The article discusses eccentric load-bearing theory method, simulation method, detection method, experimental method and anti-eccentric load method. Conclusion: Aiming at the research hotspot of eccentric load, this paper collects and analyzes the literature at home and abroad from the aspects of theoretical analysis, experimental testing, anti-eccentric load and so on. After research, scholars at home and abroad have made good progress in the direction of the eccentric load, and put forward some methods and devices that have been applied in practical engineering. However, the detection of eccentric load and the anti-eccentric load cannot be synchronized, and the robustness of the design system is poor. Research on eccentric load at home and abroad is still in its infancy.
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