The strong-isospin violation in ψ(3770) → J/ψ+π 0 via intermediate D meson loops is investigated in an effective Lagrangian approach. In this process, there is only one D-meson loop contributing to the absorptive part, and the uncertainties due to the introduction of form factors can be minimized. With the help of QCD spectral sum rules (QSSR), we extract the J/ψDD * form factor as an implement from the first principle of QCD. The DD * π 0 form factor can be well determined from the experimental data for D → πlν. The exploration of the dispersion relation suggests the dominance of the dispersive part via the intermediate D meson loops even below the open charm threshold. This investigation could provide further insights into the puzzling question on the mechanisms for ψ(3770) → non-DD transitions.
Presence of bubbles in liquids could significantly alter the acoustic waves in terms of wave speed and attenuation. In the present paper, acoustic wave propagation in bubbly flows with gas, vapor and gas/vapor mixtures is theoretically investigated in a wide range of parameters (including frequency, bubble radius, void fraction, and vapor mass fraction). Our finding reveals two types of wave propagation behavior depending on the vapor mass fraction. Furthermore, the minimum wave speed (required for the closure of cavitation modelling in the sonochemical reactor design) is analyzed and the influences of paramount parameters on it are quantitatively discussed.
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