Epoxy vitrimers based on transesterification reactions (TERs) is a kind of recyclable thermosets which have been developed prosperously in recent years. However, the good thermal performance and the quick network...
Polyaniline (PANi) hydrogels often exhibit highly mechanical
and
electrochemical properties, which have received extensive attention
in the fields of batteries, supercapacitors, and sensors. However,
the shortcomings such as hydrophobicity and easy aggregation of PANi
frequently result in deterioration of mechanical and electrochemical
performance of PANi hydrogels. Here, a bifunctional natural product,
glycyrrhizic acid (GL), is utilized to prepare the homogeneous conductive
PANi hydrogel, because GL not only can assemble into supramolecular
hydrogel as the biocompatible matrix but also can salinize aniline
monomers to facilitate the polymerization in situ to form uniformly dispersed PANi within GL matrix. Accordingly,
the resulting GL/PANi hydrogel shows the Tyndall effect caused by
the nanoclusters entangled by nanofibers and exhibits an improved
storage modulus G′ (3.2 kPa) and loss modulus G″ (0.9 kPa), as well as the expected conductivity
(0.17 S·m–1). In addition, the GL/PANi hydrogel
is further reinforced by blending poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) for the
required strength and stretchability as a flexible strain sensor.
The results reveal that the obtained PVA/GL/PANi hydrogel has a fracture
stress of 693 kPa at an elongation of 329%, with a fracture toughness
of 82 MJ·m–3 and Young’s modulus of
47.9 kPa. Its gauge factor (GF) is measured to be 2.5 at lower strain
(<130%) and up to 4.3 at larger strain (>130%). This good sensitivity
and sensing stability make the PVA/GL/PANi hydrogel effectively monitor
relevant human motion detections. Our work provides an innovative
strategy to manufacture the homogeneous conductive PANi hydrogel for
high-performance soft electronic devices.
Abstract. Bone fractures are a worldwide public health concern. Previous studies have demonstrated that bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP7) gene transfer or mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation may be a promising novel therapeutic approach. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to observe the effect of bone BMP7 transfer to MSCs on fracture healing. Bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) from New Zealand white rabbits were isolated and identified using flow cytometry. A recombinant BMP7 overexpressing adenovirus vector (Adv) was constructed and transfected into BMSCs. The expression of BMP7 was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, immunofluorescence and western blotting. The present study additionally investigated the effect of BMP7 on the differentiation capacity of BMSCs. Finally, tissue-engineered bone was created with support material to verify the effect of BMP7-BMSCs on fracture healing. The results demonstrated that the expression of BMP7 was increased at the mRNA and protein levels in BMSCs following transfection with BMP7 overexpressing Adv. The results additionally demonstrated that the expression of BMP7 enhanced the differentiation capacity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and had a promotional effect on fracture healing. Overall, these data suggest that Adv-BMP7 is useful for introducing foreign genes into BMSCs and will be a powerful gene therapy tool for bone regeneration and other tissue engineering applications in the future.
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