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rGO-modified indium oxide (In2O3) anchored PdPbAg nanoalloy composites (PdPbAg@rGO/In2O3) were prepared by a facile hydrothermal, annealing and reduction method.

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A porous octahedron-folding layered reduced graphene oxide/MIL-96(Al) anchoring Pd, PdBi, PdSn, and PdSnBi nanoparticles (NPs) was prepared by selfassembly and the in situ reduction method and then applied as an electrocatalyst for ethylene glycol (EG) electrooxidation. Comparison of the electrocatalytic activities and stabilities of monometallic and bimetallic counterparts and commercial Pd/C shows that trimetallic PdSnBi@rGO/MIL-96 (PdSnBi/rGM) owns the highest peak current density of up to 195.5 mA cm −2 , which is 7.21 times as high as that of Pd/C, and still retains more than 73.4% of original current density after a 3600 s CA test, superior to Pd/C performance (22.3%). Apparently, through PdSnBi NPs loading and the rGM structure modification, PdSnBi/rGM exhibits superior electrocatalytic performance toward EGOR. The outstanding performance is thanks to the strong electronic effects among Pd, Bi, and Sn, the higher affinity of Bi/Bi(OH) 3 and SnO 2 NPs to oxygen-containing species, and the prominent octahedron-folding layered structure and faster electron transfer capability. Besides, the electrooxidation mechanism of EG and the removal process of adsorbed CO (ads) on the Pd surface are proposed. The novel structure design and efficient performance provide an important reference for developing advanced energy catalysts.

Fuel cell development is of paramount importance given the excessive consumption of fossil fuels and severe environmental pollution problems. A 3D prismatic electrocatalyst with PdPbBi nanoalloys supported on rGO/CPM-5 (crystalline porous materials) (PdPbBi@rGO/CPM-5) is synthesized by a facile hydrothermal and reduction method. Electrochemical tests show that the trimetallic catalyst exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity and high resistance to CO poisoning compared to commercial Pd/ C. Specifically, PdPbBi@rGO/CPM-5 has the highest forward current density of 222.43 mA cm −2 , which is 8.22 times that of Pd/C (27.07 mA cm −2 ), and the retained current density of PdPbBi@rGO/CPM-5 still reaches 71.21% of the initial value after a 3600 s chronoamperometry test. This excellent electrocatalytic activity is due to the electronic effect of the PdPbBi alloy, resulting in the enhanced d-band of Pd and the strong adsorption of OH − by Pb/PbO and Bi/ Bi(OH) 3 nanoparticles (NPs). This intermetallic electronic effect can promote the oxidative removal of [CO] ads . In addition, the unique graphene-wrapped prismatic structure of rGO/CPM-5 makes the PdPbBi alloy NPs evenly distributed and obtains more active centers to accelerate electro-oxidation. The design and high-efficiency electrocatalytic performance of this composite material provide important ideas for the development and utilization of direct fuel cells for ethylene glycol oxidation reaction.