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BackgroundGrowing studies have revealed the association between polymorphisms in the Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) and susceptibility to cancer, however, the results remained inconsistent.Methodology/Principal FindingsTo assess the effect of three selected SNPs (rs352140, rs5743836 and rs187084) in TLR9 on cancer, we performed a meta-analysis based on 11 case-control studies, including a total of 6,585 cancer cases and 7,506 controls. Summary odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for polymorphisms in TLR9 and cancer risk were estimated. Our meta-analysis indicated that rs352140 was associated with an increased cancer risk, especially in Caucasian. However, no significantly increased cancer risk was detected to be associated with rs187084 and rs5743836 either the overall or subgroup estimation.ConclusionsThese meta-analysis results indicate that polymorphisms in TLR9 may play a role in cancer development.

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Rationale, aims, and objectives: Current meta-analysis was conducted aiming to assess the efficacy and safety of recombinant human in the treatment of acute leukaemia (AL) patients with chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia (CIT). Methods:We searched PubMed, Embase, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure database (CNKI), Cochrane Library, and Wan Fang Database on 4 July 2018.Results: Ten randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and two observational studies were included, which involved 754 AL patients with CIT. Pooled analysis demonstrated that rhIL-11 was beneficial on CIT: recovery time of platelet count to 50 × 10 9 /L [weight mean difference (WMD) = −4.19 days; 95% CI: −5.01, −3.37], recovery time of platelet count to 100 × 10 9 /L (WMD = −4.45 days; 95% CI: −4.85, −4.06), platelet transfusion volume (WMD = −6.14 U; 95% CI: −9.20, −3.09), and the rate of haemorrhage (RR = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.36 to 0.61). Most adverse events associated with rhIL-11 were mild to moderate.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that rhIL-11 is effective and safe in the treatment of CIT in patients with AL. KEYWORDS acute leukaemia, chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia, meta-analysis, recombinant human interleukin-11 † ZhiRong Liu, Yaxuan Wang, and Jingxin Yan are co-first authors.