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Plasmonic colour printing has drawn wide attention as a promising candidate for the next-generation colour-printing technology. However, an efficient approach to realize full colour and scalable fabrication is still lacking, which prevents plasmonic colour printing from practical applications. Here we present a scalable and full-colour plasmonic printing approach by combining conjugate twin-phase modulation with a plasmonic broadband absorber. More importantly, our approach also demonstrates controllable chromotropic capability, that is, the ability of reversible colour transformations. This chromotropic capability affords enormous potentials in building functionalized prints for anticounterfeiting, special label, and high-density data encryption storage. With such excellent performances in functional colour applications, this colour-printing approach could pave the way for plasmonic colour printing in real-world commercial utilization.

NiO nanoparticles with average particle size of 25 nm were successfully prepared by anodic arc plasma method. The composition, morphology, crystal microstructure, specific surface area, infrared spectra, and particle size distribution of product were analyzed by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the corresponding selected area electron diffraction (SAED), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET)N2adsorption. The experiment results show that the NiO nanoparticles are bcc structure with spherical shape and well dispersed, the particle size distribution ranging from 15 to 45 nm with the average particle size is about 25 nm, and the specific surface area is 33 m2/g. The infrared absorption band of NiO nanoparticles shows blue shifts compared with that of bulk NiO.

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Diluted magnetic semiconductorsZn1-xFexOnanoparticles with different doping concentration (x=0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.20) were successfully synthesized by hydrothermal method. The crystal structure, morphology, and optical and magnetic properties of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Raman scattering spectra (Raman), photoluminescence spectra (PL), and the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The experiment results show that all samples synthesized by this method possess hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure with good crystallization, no other impurity phases are observed, and the morphology of the sample shows the presence of ellipsoidal nanoparticles. All theFe3+successfully substituted for the lattice site ofZn2+and generates single-phaseZn1-xFexO. Raman spectra shows that the peak shifts to higher frequency. PL spectra exhibit a slight blue shift and the UV emission is annihilated with the increase ofFe3+concentration. Magnetic measurements indicated that Fe-doped ZnO samples exhibit ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature and the saturation magnetization is enhanced with the increase of iron doping content.

Extractive distillation (ED) can be used to separate mixtures with low relative volatilities that are even close to unity. It is widely adopted for the separation of aromatics and nonaromatics in the petrochemical industry. Selecting a suitable solvent is of paramount importance to ED processes. Ionic liquids (ILs) are increasingly being considered as potential options to replace organic solvents in ED processes due to their favorable properties including high boiling points and extremely low volatilities. In this work, a nonexperimental solvent screening approach, i.e., computer-aided ionic liquid design (CAILD), is employed to identify the optimal ILs. Using a novel design objective and several structural and property constraints on IL, we have identified 1,3-dimethylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate ([C1mPy]­[BF4]) as the best IL solvent by solving a formulated CAILD-based mixed-integer nonlinear programming problem. The separation performance of this IL is further evaluated with rigorous process simulation in Aspen Plus. Besides, process simulation of the aromatic ED process using sulfolane as the benchmark organic solvent is performed. Furthermore, a systematic analysis of the energy consumption and the process economy is conducted by investigating the optimized simulation results of the studied aromatic ED process. The [C1mPy]­[BF4]-based process with an assumed IL price of 50 $/kg can reduce the capital cost by 35.2%, the operating cost by 11.8%, and the total annual cost by 31.2%. The IL price at the break-even point of replacing sulfolane with [C1mPy]­[BF4] in the aromatic ED process is 91.03 $/kg.

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