Among the group of excluded individuals in Brazilian society, the most marginalized are still blacks. In this group, rural blacks are the most alienated from the new processes of social construction. The present study aimed to analyze health and socioeconomic aspects in quilombola communities in the state of Piauí. The research presents socioeconomic and health aspects in 15 communities in the State of Piauí. It is an exploratory, cross-sectional study of qualitative and quantitative nature, where the target population was 1,239 members in 15 quilombola communities identified in the State of Piauí. The average age was 30.1 years, with the age range between 0 and 89 years. Females were 55%, males 45% of the population. Illiterate were 20%, while 47.6% had not completed elementary school. Income of up to two minimum wages was 88.6%. Students 27.9% and rural worker 39.5% were the majority of the population. Of the houses, 74.1% had little or no sanitary condition. The use of medicinal plants occurred in 32.5%. The non-use of pesticides was reported by 96.8% of farmers. Inbreeding marriages were detected in 18.0% of the studied families. The research indicates the need for public policies focused on the characteristics and needs of these populations.
This study evaluated the presence of HPV DNA in the cervix and peripheral blood of women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN I, II, and III) and healthy individuals. Overall, 139 paired peripheral blood and cervix samples of healthy women and women with CIN I, II, and III (n= 68) were tested for HPV DNA by using standard procedures. PCR-sequencing determined HPV types. Quantification of HPV16 E6 and E2 genes was performed to determine viral load and physical state. HPV DNA was detected in the cervix (21.1% in healthy individuals; 48.8-55.5% in CIN patients), blood (46.4% in healthy individuals; 44.1-77.7% in CIN patients), and paired peripheral blood and cervix samples (24% in healthy individuals; 32.5-44.4% in CIN patients). The most frequent types found in the cervix were HPV16, 18, 31, 33, 58, and 70, while HPV16, 18, 33, 58, and 66 were the most frequent types found in the blood. HPV DNA in the cervix was associated with previous sexually transmitted infections (STIs) (P=0.023; OR: 2.978; CI:1.34-7.821), HPV DNA in the blood (P=0.000; OR: 3.369; CI:3.700-18.540), and cervical lesions (CIN I/II or III) (P=0.001; OR: 3.369; CI:1.634-6.945). Binomial Logistic regression showed that HPV DNA in the blood (P=0.000; OR: 9.324; CI:3.612-24.072) and cervical lesions (P=0.011; OR: 3.622; CI:1.338-9.806) were associated with HPV DNA in the cervix. However, we did not find an association between HPV DNA in blood and cervical lesions (P=0.385). Our results showed that, although there is an association between HPV DNA in the cervix with HPV DNA in blood, only HPV DNA found in the cervix was associated with cervical lesions.
Hemoglobins are macromolecules responsible for the process of gas exchange in the human organism. Hemoglobinopathies are diseases of hemoglobins that happen due to mutational processes in the globin chains. Sickle cell anemia is the most prevalent genetic disease in the world. In Brazil, the incidence and prevalence of the disease is considered a public health problem, with northeast Brazil being the most prevalent region. Still unknown by most of the population and health professionals, health education has its process of knowledge dissemination. Considering these facts, the present study aimed to identify effective playful interventions in this practice, with a view to subsidizing reflection and improvement of teaching in this area. The elaboration of chess games, checkers, tic-tac-toe and puzzle composed with elements inherent to this hemoglobinopathy, provides students of pharmacy at the State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande campus, the playful contact in the learning of this pathology, providing cognitive stimulation in the teaching / learning process. Due to the good results obtained, it is intended to use the games in school lectures and in the process of education of agents and health professionals.
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