Malignant pleural effusion is a common clinical problem, which often occurs in cases of malignant tumors, especially in lung cancer. In this paper, a pleural effusion detection system based on a microfluidic chip, combined with specific tumor biomarker, hexaminolevulinate (HAL), used to concentrate and identify tumor cells in pleural effusion was reported. The lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 and mesothelial cell line Met-5A were cultured as the tumor cells and non-tumor cells, respectively. The optimum enrichment effect was achieved in the microfluidic chip when the flow rates of cell suspension and phosphate-buffered saline achieved 2 mL/h and 4 mL/h, respectively. At the optimal flow rate, the proportion of A549 increased from 28.04% to 70.01% due to the concentration effect of the chip, indicating that tumor cells could be enriched by a factor of 2.5 times. In addition, HAL staining results revealed that HAL can be used to identify tumor cells and non-tumor cells in chip and clinical samples. Additionally, the tumor cells obtained from the patients diagnosed with lung cancer were confirmed to be captured in the microfluidic chip, proving the validity of the microfluidic detection system. This study preliminarily demonstrates the microfluidic system is a promising method with which to assist clinical detection in pleural effusion.
Purpose To identify the diagnostic value of syndecan-2 methylation in CRC patients.
Methods We searched relevant articles in eight databases. Eligible studies were analyzed. Pooled diagnostic odds ratio(DOR), positive and negative likelihood ratio(PLR and NLR), sensitivity and specificity were calculated. The summary receiver operating characteristic(SROC) curve and Fangan’s plot were drawn. Subgroup meta analyses were performed and patients with CRC at different stages or locations were compared to evaluate diagnostic value of SDC2 in detail. We also performed Deeks’ regression test of funnel plot asymmetry and sensitivity analysis to verify if the results are robust and stable.
Results32 eligible studies with 3485 CRC patients and 5989 controls were included in our study. Pooled DOR, PLR, NLR, sensitivity and specificity were 18.54, 5.08, 0.29, 0.74 and 0.87, respectively. The area under SROC was 0.873. Subgroup meta analyses suggested that subjects consisting control group were the main source of heterogeneity. The diagnostic value of SDC2 methylation in CRC varies according to TNM stages and locations, better in distal and TNM I/II stage CRC. According to funnel plot, there exists no statistical publication bias.
Conclusion Methylated SDC2 in stool or blood was a valuable biomarker for the non-invasive detection of CRC with AUC=0.873. Methylated SDC2 performed better in distal and TNM I/II stage CRC than in proximal or TNM III/IV ones.
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