Neoadjuvant and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapies have been shown to be effective in the treatment of resectable advanced gastric cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical efficiency and security of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in combination with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for the treatment of postoperative advanced gastric cancer. A total of 192 patients diagnosed with advanced gastric cancer were randomly divided into the following four groups (n=48 per group): Control, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, hyperthermic intraperitoneal perfusion chemotherapy and joint groups. The joint group received neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal perfusion chemotherapy. Complications, adverse reactions, recurrence rates within 2 years and the 1- and 3-year survival rates following surgery were observed. No significant differences were observed in the occurrence rates of I–II degree myelosuppression, III–IV degree myelosuppression, I–II degree nausea or III–IV degree nausea and vomiting among the four groups (P>0.05). The median progression-free survival times were 26, 31, 33 and 28 months in the control, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, hyperthermic intraperitoneal perfusion chemotherapy and joint groups, respectively (P<0.001). Compared with the control group, the recurrence-free 2-year survival rate of the joint group was significantly lower (P=0.04). The difference among the median survival times of the four groups was statistically significant (P=0.001). The 1-year survival rate of the joint group was significantly higher when compared with the control group and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.03). However, no statistically significant difference was identified among the 1-year survival rates of the four groups (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the 3-year survival rates of the other three groups were significantly higher (P<0.05). Therefore, the results of the present study indicated that neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal perfusion chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer is well tolerated and exhibits improved compliance and efficiency.

Artificial neural network (ANN) combined with signal decomposing methods is effective for long‐term streamflow time series forecasting. ANN is a kind of machine learning method utilized widely for streamflow time series, and which performs well in forecasting nonstationary time series without the need of physical analysis for complex and dynamic hydrological processes. Most studies take multiple factors determining the streamflow as inputs such as rainfall. In this study, a long‐term streamflow forecasting model depending only on the historical streamflow data is proposed. Various preprocessing techniques, including empirical mode decomposition (EMD), ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) and discrete wavelet transform (DWT), are first used to decompose the streamflow time series into simple components with different timescale characteristics, and the relation between these components and the original streamflow at the next time step is analyzed by ANN. Hybrid models EMD‐ANN, EEMD‐ANN and DWT‐ANN are developed in this study for long‐term daily streamflow forecasting, and performance measures root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) indicate that the proposed EEMD‐ANN method performs better than EMD‐ANN and DWT‐ANN models, especially in high flow forecasting.

Abstract. Multiple myeloma is a type of malignancy, which affects the plasma cells of the bone marrow. Recent studies have found that malignant plasma cells may express urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) and uPA receptor (uPAR), and that initiation of proteolytic events by this system contributes to the process of invasion and destruction of the bone marrow.

It has previously been shown that Embelin inhibits proliferation, promotes apoptosis, and increases sensitivity and reduces resistance to chemotherapy drugs, in various types of tumor cells. The present study examined the effects of Embelin on the proliferation of human acute T cell lymphoma Jurkat cells. Jurkat cells were treated with various concentrations of Embelin and the effects of Embelin on the inhibition of growth of Jurkat cells were evaluated. Expression of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP); poly ADP ribose polymerase; caspase-3; caspase-8; caspase-9; the proapoptotic protein, Bax; and the antiapoptotic proteins, Bcl-xl and Bcl-2, were assessed. The results showed that Embelin significantly inhibited the growth of human acute T cell lymphoma Jurkat cells. Following treatment with 5, 10 or 20 mM Embelin for 48 h, cell viability was 82.31, 58.65 and 37.62%, respectively, which was significantly reduced compared with that of the control group and the 0.1% DMSO control group (P<0.01). Furthermore, the caspase-3 inhibitor, z-DEVD-fmk, and the caspase-9 inhibitor, Ac-LEHD-CHO, reversed this inhibitory effect. It was also shown that the apoptotic rate of cells treated with Embelin was significantly elevated. Subsequently, it was demonstrated that Embelin downregulated the expression of XIAP and the proapoptotic Bcl2 family members, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl, while it concomitantly upregulated that of the antiapoptotic protein, Bax. These results showed that Embelin inhibited growth and induced apoptosis of Jurkat cells , by activating the endogenous caspase-dependent apoptotic pathway through inhibition of XIAP and proapoptotic Bcl-2 family members.