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Clean fuels are urgently needed to reduce household cooking emissions. The thermal efficiencies (η) and pollutant emission factors (EFs) of biocoal briquettes (made from a mixture of biomass and coal powder) burned in a typical cooking stove were investigated and compared with those of coal briquettes and biomass briquettes. Biocoal briquette samples were obtained by molding blends of anthracite with 10-30 wt % crop straw of various types (maize straw, wheat straw, or rice straw). The optimum proportions for energy savings and PM EF reduction were found to be 15-20 wt %. Compared with the η of coal briquettes and biomass briquettes, the η of biocoal briquettes increased by 81-127% and 88-179%, respectively, with the optimum addition ratios of crop straw, while the delivered energy-based PM EFs of the biocoal briquettes were reduced by 61-67% and 99.0-99.5%, respectively. Delivered energy-based EFs of NO, SO, and toxic elements (As, Se, and Pb) also showed a significant reduction. These results indicated that biocoal briquettes can serve as a promising substitute for domestic solid fuel to reduce pollutant emissions and save energy.