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Abstract:We study scattering equations and formulas for tree amplitudes of various theories in four dimensions, in terms of spinor helicity variables and on-shell superspace for supersymmetric theories. As originally obtained in Witten's twistor string theory and other twistor-string models, the equations can take either polynomial or rational forms, and we clarify the simple relation between them. We present new, four-dimensional formulas for all tree amplitudes in the non-linear sigma model, a special Galileon theory and the maximally supersymmetric completion of the Dirac-Born-Infeld theory. Furthermore, we apply the formulas to study various double-soft theorems in these theories, including the emissions of a pair of soft photons, fermions and scalars for super-amplitudes in super-DBI theory.

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Building upon the worldline effective field theory (EFT) formalism for spinning bodies developed for the Post-Newtonian regime, we generalize the EFT approach to Post-Minkowskian (PM) dynamics to include rotational degrees of freedom in a manifestly covariant framework. We introduce a systematic procedure to compute the total change in momentum and spin in the gravitational scattering of compact objects. For the special case of spins aligned with the orbital angular momentum, we show how to construct the radial action for elliptic-like orbits using the Boundary-to-Bound correspondence. As a paradigmatic example, we solve the scattering problem to next-to-leading PM order with linear and bilinear spin effects and arbitrary initial conditions, incorporating for the first time finite-size corrections. We obtain the aligned-spin radial action from the resulting scattering data, and derive the periastron advance and binding energy for circular orbits. We also provide the (square of the) center-of-mass momentum to $$ \mathcal{O}\left({G}^2\right) $$ O G 2 , which may be used to reconstruct a Hamiltonian. Our results are in perfect agreement with the existent literature, while at the same time extend the knowledge of the PM dynamics of compact binaries at quadratic order in spins.

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In this note we study the connected prescription, originally derived from Witten's twistor string theory, for tree-level form factors in N = 4 super-Yang-Mills theory. The construction is based on the recently proposed four-dimensional scattering equations with n massless on-shell states and one off-shell state, which we expect to work for form factors of general operators. To illustrate the universality of the prescription, we propose compact formulas for super form factors with chiral stress-tensor multiplet operator, and bosonic ones with scalar operators Tr(φ m ) for arbitrary m.

In this paper we study the supersymmetric generalization of the new soft theorem which was proposed by Cachazo and Strominger recently. At tree level, we prove the validity of the super soft theorems in both N = 4 superYang-Mills theory and N = 8 supergravity using super-BCFW recursion relations. We verify these theorems exactly by showing some examples.