Background: In China, the incidence of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is rising with the average lifespan of men. Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is recognized as the gold standard for surgical treatment of BPH. Continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) is often required after operation. The irrigation rate is often manually adjusted based on the color of the drainage fluid, but it is difficult to know how much to adjust it based on color. To better adjust the irrigation rate and reduce related complications, we developed and evaluated a post-TURP CBI rate adjustment card. Methods: A total of 103 BPH patients who underwent post-TURP CBI at our hospital between April and July 2020 were enrolled in this study and were assigned to the control group (n=49) or the experimental group (n=54) according to the different hospital areas. In the control group, the CBI rate was adjusted based on the clinical evaluation of the color of the drainage fluid; in the experimental group, the CBI rate was adjusted based on the color of drainage fluid evaluated with our homemade post-TURP CBI rate adjustment card. Results:The incidence of bladder spasm, the incidence of clot-related catheter blockage, the volume of irrigation solution used, and the irrigation time were significantly lower or shorter in the experimental group than in the control group. The patient satisfaction score was significantly higher in the experimental group (P<0.05). Conclusions:For BPH patients receiving post-TURP CBI, the homemade post-TURP CBI rate adjustment card can provide objective data for clinical care, reduce postoperative complications, and improve patient satisfaction. Therefore, it should be more widely used in clinical practice.

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Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common kind of infection in the early stage after kidney transplantation. Although many studies have investigated the risk factors for UTI following kidney transplantation, few studies have focused on the risk factors for UTI in the early stage after transplantation. Methods:The early-stage data of patients who underwent kidney transplantation between January 2018 and December 2019 in a first-class tertiary hospital in Suzhou, China, were retrospectively analyzed. The general and UTI information of the recipients was subjected to univariate analysis. Variables with statistical significance in the univariate analysis were included in a multivariate logistic regression model.Results: A total of 129 recipients were recruited, among whom 62 patients had a UTI in the early stage after kidney transplantation (48.1%), and the median (interquartile range) of onset time was 5 (4, 10) days after the surgery. A total of 324 strains of UTI pathogens were detected in the 62 recipients after kidney transplantation, 279 of which were gram-negative bacilli (86.1%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that female sex and delayed graft function (DGF) were independent risk factors for early-stage UTI, with odds ratios of 0.095 and 3.753, respectively. Conclusions:The incidence of early UTI after kidney transplantation is high. Females and DGF patients are more prone to UTIs. Comprehensive prevention and treatment measures should be taken as early as possible against the risk factors to reduce the incidence of UTI.

Background: Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) is the standard treatment for early localized PCa, of which urinary incontinence is the most common postoperative complication. Pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation training is recognized as the first line of intervention measures, but the existing rehabilitation training programs are not clear in the formulation process, the content is not unified, and the clinical operability is not strong. In order to better guide clinical pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation training after LRP and prevent and control urinary incontinence, this study constructed a pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation training program for LRP patients. Methods: Literature analysis, qualitative interview, and an expert group meeting method were used to form the draft of pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation training program for LRP patients. On this basis, after 2 rounds of Delphi expert consultation, the research team modified and improved the program. Results:The consultation experts involved in the 2 rounds were the same, 15 questionnaires were sent out, and 15 were recovered with an effective recovery of 100%. The expert authority coefficient was 0.87. In the second round of consultation, Kendall's harmony coefficient was 0.14 (P<0.001), the mean coefficient of variation of expert opinion was 0.07 (P<0.001), and the mean value of importance assigned to each item was 4.53-5.00 points. Finally, the pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation training program for LRR patients was formed. Including rehabilitation training evaluation, rehabilitation training advanced time and content, rehabilitation training form of three first-level indicators, 12 second-level indicators, 53 third-level indicators. Conclusions: The pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation training program for LRP patients developed in this study is scientific, reliable, safe and feasible, which can provide reference for clinical pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation training after LRP and prevention and control of urinary incontinence.