Analysis of risk factors for early urinary tract infection after kidney transplantation

Abstract

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common kind of infection in the early stage after kidney transplantation. Although many studies have investigated the risk factors for UTI following kidney transplantation, few studies have focused on the risk factors for UTI in the early stage after transplantation. Methods:The early-stage data of patients who underwent kidney transplantation between January 2018 and December 2019 in a first-class tertiary hospital in Suzhou, China, were retrospectively analyzed. The general and UTI information of the recipients was subjected to univariate analysis. Variables with statistical significance in the univariate analysis were included in a multivariate logistic regression model.Results: A total of 129 recipients were recruited, among whom 62 patients had a UTI in the early stage after kidney transplantation (48.1%), and the median (interquartile range) of onset time was 5 (4, 10) days after the surgery. A total of 324 strains of UTI pathogens were detected in the 62 recipients after kidney transplantation, 279 of which were gram-negative bacilli (86.1%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that female sex and delayed graft function (DGF) were independent risk factors for early-stage UTI, with odds ratios of 0.095 and 3.753, respectively. Conclusions:The incidence of early UTI after kidney transplantation is high. Females and DGF patients are more prone to UTIs. Comprehensive prevention and treatment measures should be taken as early as possible against the risk factors to reduce the incidence of UTI.

Histologic acute graft pyelonephritis after kidney transplantation: Incidence, clinical characteristics, risk factors, and association with graft loss

“…DGF has been previously identified as risk factor for early UTI after KT. 26,27 It has been suggested that DGF leads to greater risk of UTI due to patients having low urine output, which allows for the bladder to more easily be colonized by pathogenic organisms. 26 Difficulties in the flow of urine present in both DGF and urologic complications within 30 days could increase the risk of pathogenic bacterial colonization of the bladder, which then predisposes to the development of HAGPN.…”

Construction of a nursing solution to prevent and control urinary tract infection in the early stages of kidney transplantation

“…Based on the preliminary study of the research group, it was found that delayed recovery of renal function after renal transplantation was an independent risk factor for early UTI after renal transplantation (2). The intervention framework for early UTI prevention and control after kidney transplantation was established based on the experience of UTI, prevention and control strategies of UTI, and prevention and control effects of UTI (Figure 1).…”

“…The factors that may affect early UTI after kidney transplantation were analyzed by the research group based on literature review as well as the actual situation of our transplant center. The results showed that delayed recovery of renal function in women and after renal transplantation was an independent risk factor for early UTI after renal transplantation (2,18). In addition, this study closely focused on symptom management strategy, one of the three basic elements of SMT, in order to develop an early UTI prevention and control nursing solution after kidney transplantation.…”

“…Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common infectious complication after kidney transplantation (1), and the early postoperative period (i.e., 0-30 days after surgery) is the peak stage of UTI (2,3). Without timely prevention and control, UTIs can affect the function of kidney transplantation, increase the difficulty of treatment and the risk of death, and also result in enormous psychological and economic pressure to patients and their families (4).…”

“…The specific Method is to collect the opinions of the consulting experts on the problems to be consulted, and then conduct sorting, induction and statistical processing, and then feedback to the consulting experts anonymously again, and collect the opinions, focus and feedback again, until the experts' opinions tend to be consistent, the consultation is ended (13,14). Therefore, based on the results of risk factor analysis of early UTI after kidney transplantation in the research group on prevention and control of UTI in the early stages of kidney transplantation (2), combined with theoretical research, literature review, and research group meeting, this study constructed a nursing solution for the prevention of UTI early after kidney transplantation using the Delphi method, which is reported below.…”