This study used a facile method to develop a novel silver/Graphenepolypyrrole (Ag/G-PPy)-modified electrode that can be used as an electrochemical sensor for levosimendan detection. The properties of the synthesized Ag/G-PPy-modified electrode were examined through field-emission scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy.The Ag/G-PPy-modified electrode exhibited satisfactory current signals toward levosimendan concentrations ranging from 0.21 to 6.88 μM and exhibited a low detection limit (0.12 μM). Accordingly, the proposed electrode can serve as a simple and inexpensive electrochemical sensor for levosimendan detection.
In this study, functionalized bimetallic Au-Pd on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (AuPd/MWCNT) are prepared and their application as electrochemical sensor materials for dopamine detection is explored. Furthermore, the as-prepared composite materials are identified using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS). In addition, the experimental results show that AuPd/MWCNT displayed excellent sensing properties to dopamine. Especially, 1% Pd-5% Au/MWCNT showed a wide detection range (0.98–200 μM) and a low detection limit of 0.058 μM for dopamine. The sensor also displayed properties such as repeatability, reproducibility, and stability, which can be ascribed to the large specific surface area and the synergistic effect of the bimetallic nanoparticles. Therefore, the prepared functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes have good application prospects in the field of dopamine detection.
Plasmonic photocatalysis, combing noble metal nanoparticles (NMNPs) with semiconductors, has been widely studied and proven to perform better than pure semiconductors. The plasmonic effects are mainly based on the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of NMNPs. The LSPR wavelength depends on several parameters, such as size, shape, the surrounding media, and the interdistance of the NMNPs. In this study, graphene-modified plate-like BiVO4 composites, combined with silver nanoplates (AgNPts), were successfully prepared and used as a photocatalyst for CO2 photoconversion. Triangular silver nanoplates (TAgNPts), icosahedral silver nanoparticles (I-AgNPs), and decahedra silver nanoparticles (D-AgNPs) were synthesized using photochemical methods and introduced to the nanocomposites to compare the shape-dependent plasmonic effect. Among them, T-AgNPts/graphene/BiVO4 exhibited the highest photoreduction efficiency of CO2 to CH4, at 18.1 μmolg−1h−1, which is 5.03 times higher than that of pure BiVO4 under the irradiation of a Hg lamp. A possible CO2 photoreduction mechanism was proposed to explain the synergetic effect of each component in TAgNPts/graphene/BiVO4. This high efficiency reveals the importance of considering the compositions of photocatalysts for converting CO2 to solar fuels.
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