Monodisperse Er(3+):NaGdF(4)@Ho(3+):NaGdF(4)@NaGdF(4) active-core/active-shell/inert-shell nanocrystals, which can extend the near-infrared wavelength excitable range for upconversion (UC) emissions, were successfully fabricated for the first time. Importantly, doping of Er(3+) and Ho(3+) into the core and shell respectively suppresses adverse energy transfers between them, resulting in intense UC emissions for both Er(3+) and Ho(3+) dopants.
We report a comprehensive solvent selection framework where the COSMO-RS model is combined with high-throughput experiments at 298 and 423 K to formulate an extractant library for the reactive extraction of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF).
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