The crane fly Limonia phragmitidis belongs to family Limoniidae. The mitogenome of L. phragmitidis was sequenced, the new representative of the mitogenome of the family Limoniidae. The nearly complete mitogenome is 16,020 bp totally, consisting of 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNAs, and 22 transfer RNAs. All genes have similar locations and strands with that of other published species of Limoniidae. The nucleotide composition biases toward A and T, which together made up 75.5% of the entirety. Bayesian inference analysis strongly supported the monophyly of Tipuloidea. It suggested that the phylogenetic relationship within Tipuloidea, Pediciidae þ (Limoniidae þ (Tipulidae þ Cylindrotomidae)).
Four species and one subspecies of the genus Monema Walker, 1855 are recognized from China, in which Monema tanaognatha Wu & Pan sp. n. is described as new, Monema coralina Dudgeon, 1895 and Monema meyi Solovyev & Witt, 2009 are newly recorded for China. The female of Monema meyi is reported for the first time. Monema nigrans de Joannis, 1901 and Monema melli Hering, 1931 are synonymized with Monema flavescens Walker, 1855. Cnidocampa rubriceps Matsumura, 1931 is regarded here as a subspecies of Monema flavescens Walker, 1855. The photographs of moths and their genitalia are given. A key to the species of the genus is provided.
The mitochondrial genome of Trypetoptera punctulate Scopoli, 1763, the first representative of Sciomyzidae, was sequenced and annotated. And we used this new nucleotide information under Maximum Likelihood analyses to explore the superfamilies relationships of Acalyptratae. The nucleotide composition of Trypetoptera punctulata mitochondrial genome was 34.6% of A, 33.9% of T, 17.6% of C, 13.9% of G, 68.5% of A þ T content. The start codon ATG was shared with COX2, COX3, CYTB and ND4; the start codon ATA was shared with ATP6, ND5 and ND6; the ATP8 and ND1 started with codon ATT; the COX1 and ND3 started with codon ATC, and the ND2 and ND6 started with codon TTG. The conservative stop codon TAA was shared with ATP6,
The holometabolous order Raphidioptera is recorded from Xizang Autonomous Region for the first time. A new species of the family Inocelliidae, Inocellia tibetana sp. nov., from southeastern Xizang is described and its two sexes illustrated. Based on the male gonocoxite 9 that is longer than width of its base, the new species belongs to the I. fulvostigmata species-group, and it appears to be closely related to I. fulvostigmata U. Aspöck, Rausch & H. Aspöck, 1968. Both species are distributed near the southern edge of the Himalayas. The male of the new species is characterized in the genitalia by the presence of a membranous, short and digitiform gonostylus 9, the gonarcus (fused gonocoxites 11) subtriangular in caudal view dorsally with a pair of short tubercular processes, and the reduction of bristle tuft on the endophallus.
The dance fly Oreogeton sp. belongs to the subfamily Oreogetoninae of Empididae. The mitogenome of Oreogeton sp. (GenBank accession number: MK639348) was sequenced, the first representative of the mitogenome of the subfamily. The nearly complete mitogenome is 15,718 bp totally, consisting of 13 protein-coding genes, two rRNAs, and 22 transfer RNAs. All genes have the similar locations and strands with that of other published species of Empididae. The nucleotide composition biases toward A and T, which together made up 77.2%of the entirety. Bayesian inference analysis strongly supported the monophyly of Empidoidea, Empididae, and Dolichopodidae. This result also suggested that Oreogetoninae was assigned to the sister group to the clade that consists of Trichopezinae and Clinocerinae, and then Empidinae is the sister to the clade that contains Oreogetoninae, Trichopezinae, and Clinocerinae.
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