Applicability of development of technology using bioreactor and floating media filter is shown. The technology is based on the biological oxidation of iron and manganese by a group of iron oxidizing bacteria (IOB). The description, the operating principle and the results of technology testing are given. If the content of iron is 4,9-5,71 mg/L, manganese - 0,12-0,2 mg/L and carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide are present, the quality of treated water meets all normative requirements. A microscopic analysis of the backwash water from bioreactor and filter was carried out. It has been established that Leptothrix type iron oxidizing bacteria are involved in the oxidation of compounds of dissolved forms of iron and manganese.
The main pollutants of groundwater sources are compounds of iron, manganese and and dissolved gases (carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulphide). Requirements to small capacity groundwater treatment units specified by a group of consumers were reviewed in this work. Various aeration units are used at the first stage as a part of simplified aeration method in deferrization process flow chart. There is offered an innovative unit which combines several processes, such as aeration, degassing, filtering through the layer of expandable polystyrene foam. The unit allows excluding additional aeration units, washing pumps and flush water storage tanks, as well as to intensify the aeration-degassing process, increase treatment efficiency and provide specified requirements. The article contains data on modular units with capacity up to 1 m3/h, their operating principle and the laboratory equipment used, as well as the aeration and degassing processes analysis results. When the level of dissolved oxygen in groundwater reaches 1.24-1.64 mg/l and free carbon dioxide - 46.8-50 mg/l outbound of the aeration units dissolved gases are blown out (up to 36%), the concentration of oxygen increases up to 7 mg/l. which is enough for an effective water deferrization process. At the same time, this process takes less time up to 2.7) in the aeration unit rather than in the aeration column.
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