Aim To examine the association of life‐style factors, including second‐hand smoke, with dental caries among 3‐year‐old children in Wuxi, China. Methods A multi‐stage stratified random cluster sampling method was used, and 283 children were recruited. The prevalence of dental caries was 29.3% (83/283). Results Univariate analysis indicated that the possible related factors of dental caries included sleep duration, interest in snacks, candy, exposure to second‐hand smoke and weight of birth (all P < 0.05). Meanwhile, multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that children who had used fluoride were less susceptible to dental caries than those who had not used fluoride before (P < 0.05). Moreover, the risk of dental caries in children who were very interested in snacks was greater than those with little interest in snacks (P < 0.05). Conclusions Life‐style behaviours are crucial factors and should attract enough attention. There might be a potential negative effect of second‐hand smoke on the deciduous caries, but it still requires further studies. A co‐ordinated effort by health‐care providers, policymakers and health institutions has successfully improved children's oral health and the awareness of hygiene knowledge among citizens in Wuxi city.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of fluoride ions on the corrosion behavior of orthodontic bands in artificial saliva. Thirty as-received orthodontic bands were divided into five groups randomly, and then immersed in fluoride-containing artificial saliva with different NaF concentrations (0wt.%, 0.1wt.%, 0.3wt.%, 0.5wt.% and 1wt.%) separately at 37℃ for 30 days. Potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) and Mott-Schottky measurements were used to study the corrosion behaviour of orthodontic bands. Surface characterization was observed with scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrum (EDS). Statistical analysis was carried out using 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The pitting corrosion could be observed on the orthodontic bands in fluoride-containing artificial saliva. With the increase of concentration of fluoride, corrosion current density increased, corrosion potiential, pitting potiential and the impedance of passive film decreased. Passive films of the bands formed at high concentrations of NaF had more disordered structures and higher defect densities. There were significant differences for pitting potential, corrosion current density, polarization resistance and carrier density of the experimental groups compared with control group (P<0.05). Fluorine ion participated in the development of pitting corrosion of orthodontic bands in artificial saliva. Severer corrosion occurred with the increase of concentration of fluoride. For more efficient treatment, the amount and the frequency of using fluorine-containing products should be considered in clinic.