The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of using mathematical games on 4th grade students" attitudes towards mathematics course and their visual metaphoric perceptions. The study was conducted with 101 students in a public school in Istanbul. Mixed method research design was used in the study. The attitude scale prepared by Baykul (1990) was applied as pre-test and post-test to the students in the experimental and control groups. At the same time, the metaphoric perception form which was formed to understand the visual metaphoric perceptions of the students was applied as pre-test and post-test to the experimental group students. According to the findings, it was seen that the mathematical games which were applied did not make a significant difference on students" attitudes. However, significant differences were found in visual metaphors created by students. As a result of the detailed analysis of the elements in visual metaphors, it was observed that the use of mathematical games generally affected the metaphorical perceptions of students about mathematics positively.
Due to the nature of physics, problem-solving strategies are applied in some cases to teach many subjects. Problem-solving is a process that individuals use, not only in physics classes but also in every stage of life. An algorithm is a pathway to solving a problem or achieving a specific purpose. The purpose of this study is to identify how pre-service science teachers express the algorithms they utilize in the process of solving physics problems. The research design of the study was determined as survey design which is one of the quantitative research methods. The study was carried out with the number of 34 pre-service science teachers consisting of 1st and 3rd-year university students who took General Physics I and General Physics Lab I courses in the undergraduate program in science education at a state university. They were given three problems regarding classical mechanics and then asked to solve these problems and schematize their algorithms by using flowcharts. The International System of Units (SI) was used throughout the research. An evaluation was made by comparing the 3 algorithms of the solution, whose reliability and validity was ensured, and which was previously created with the help of 3 experts. In the study, descriptive survey model was used. Frequency tables were frequently used in the analysis of the data with the intent to present the study in the best way by doing an in-depth analysis. In the findings of the research, it was observed that pre-service science teachers had problems in expressing their algorithms and some of them could not express these algorithms at all. It was also observed that pre-service science teachers had difficulty describing the solutions they created while setting up the problem. However, it was observed that preservice science teachers who could illustrate their algorithms well were usually the ones who solved the problems correctly.
The aim of the study is to investigate the errors that first grade students have made in their writing of verticalnumbers which have just been applied by removing cursive writing. Considering the aim of the study, verticalnumber writing styles of the first-grade students in primary school were analyzed. The sample of the study consistsof 116 students who are studying in the first grade of primary school. The study was defined as a case study. A datacollection tool was developed for determining the mistakes that students made while writing the vertical numbers inline with the aim of the research. Through the data collection tool, all numbers from 0 to 9 are given as writtenstatements and it is required to write the numbers in the spaces left under them. The results obtained from theanalysis of the data include the existing types of errors that are relevant to the number writing in the students after thefirst literacy teaching processes. According to the results of the research, writing the numbers oblique,vertical-horizontal-diagonal straight lines are drawn in a curvilinear style, curvilinear and circular lines are distorted,numbers are not aligned in the direction of writing, and some numbers are written in reverse have been seen as themost common errors. In accordance with the types of errors identified in the research, it is thought that the emphasison dictation studies to increase the awareness of students will decrease these types of errors and their frequency. It isalso stated that it is important to diversify the related studies as much as possible, taking into consideration theindividual differences of the students.
The purpose of this study was to reveal the thoughts of the students who were studying at 4th grade in a primary school related to the classroom environment in their dreams. In the study, it was envisaged that the opinions of the students about the physical and emotional environments in the classroom give an idea about the desire and expectations of the students to create a more appropriate classroom environment. 114 students who were studying at 4th grade in public school in Istanbul were involved in the study. The compositions of the students about what kind of classroom environment they want constituted the data of the study. With the data analysis, the items related to the classroom environment that students desire were organized under two main headings: Physical expectations and Emotional expectations. According to the findings, it was seen that a single study table, a private locker, an interactive smartboard, colorful furniture and design, fancy bulletin boards, a tidy environment and a clean environment were the general physical expectations of the students from the classroom environment whereas positive social relations with friends, positive communication with the teacher and the sense of success were the general emotional expectations of the students. In addition, it was observed that the students expressed a variety of opinions on technological possibilities, emergency measures, security and discipline.
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