The closure of coal mines does not terminate their impact on the environment. Gas emissions into the atmosphere are the one of the problems. The closed ''Gliwice II'' shaft has been selected for a series of measurements to assess greenhouse gas emissions from the closed mine; however, only CO 2 emission has been detected. The article compromises obtained knowledge about the rate of emissions and the influence of meteorological parameters on this phenomenon-baric tendency, difference in dry-bulb temperature between flowing gas and the atmosphere (buoyancy effect) and wind speed. In the course of the conducted research, it was detected that the highest amount of carbon dioxide emission was V CO 2 = 0.023 m 3 /s (which is 82.8 m 3 /h) when baric tendency of pressure drop was 0.57 hPa/h, and the difference between dry-bulb temperatures gas and atmosphere was ?4.4°C (the highest difference in the obtained results). The rate of CO 2 emissions varied from 12.7 to 162.3 kg CO 2 =h. Carbon dioxide was detected up to 43 m from the shaft. The results can be considered as a general conclusion about gas behavior when it flows from the underground sites to the surface in natural conditions and about gas concentrations near a point of emission, especially in the case of former mines. However, it may also be useful for other applications, e.g., the leakages from installations of underground coal gasification, or gas drainage.
Reversal ventilation is one of prevention methods against fire hazard in underground mines, but it is not recommended for the mines where methane is present. The authors introduce the new method of reversal and by conducting numerical simulations they prove that it allows to keep methane at the acceptable level during miners escape. However, it requires connection between the subnetworks of the main ventilation fans. It was also shown, that by using the method some escape routes will be shortened. It is possible to apply this method in the mines where the fans and stoppings are fully controlled across the full range of their operating parameters. The findings are important for underground mines, as well as for surface facilities where air control or smoke control is managed by two or more fans.
This article presents the characteristics of the heaps resulting from coal exploitation in terms of the possibility of their development for industrial facilities. The chances of soil improvement and the existing threats were indicated, emphasising the risk of self-ignition. The most effective technologies are dynamic or impulse compaction, which allows deep soil improvement and the obtaining of an appropriately rigid and load-bearing subsoil. The homogeneity of the soil’s mechanical properties that form the subsoil is also essential, which guarantees compliance with the serviceability limit state. A very important aspect of the investment process in the post-mining waste dumps is the risk of auto-ignition of the accumulated material. Considerations and analyses are presented on the example of the implementation of Panatonni service, warehouse, and production halls in Ruda Śląska. The performance of impulse compaction allowed for the safe construction of industrial halls. In particular, the tests carried out on the thermal state of the dumps confirmed the lack of an unacceptable risk of endogenous fire in the dump mass.
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