This study examined the influence of agroecological conditions on the ontogenesis and production yield traits of black oat (Avena strigosa Schreb.). Understanding the agronomic and phenological properties related to productive properties of black oats can enable more successful introduction into new areas of oat cultivation. Field microexperiments were performed during the three consecutive years (2017–2019) on the two localities in South Banat, in Serbia, which differed in soil type: carbonate chernozem and humogley, respectively. The results showed that all investigated traits of oat in the chernozem soil type were higher when compared with measured traits obtained from the humogley soil type. The average value of yields of aboveground biomass, yield and protein content were significantly higher in relation to the humogley, by 13%, 17% and 11%, respectively for all three seasons. Observed by years, all productivity parameters differed significantly, which confirmed that the productivity of the cultivated plants was strongly influenced by different agroecological, soil and climatic conditions in Pannonian environments. The aboveground biomass and grain yield obtained from the humogley soil type indicate that this species can be successfully grown and utilized in production as a cover or fodder crop even in less favorable soil conditions.

The field pea is very important when it comes to the nutrition of domestic animals, due to a high content of proteins in its grains and aboveground biomass. The aim of this study was to examine genetic variability in quantitative traits of newly created field pea hybrids. The researchers studied two cultivars, one line and their F₃ and F₄ hybrids. The following quantitative traits were analysed: number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, 1000 seed weight and grain yield. The largest number of pods per plant was recorded for the Baccara × L-CC line hybrid, with a statistically significantly larger (P < 0.01) number of pods per plant than all the other investigated genotypes, lines and hybrids. L-CC line × Baccara, and Saša × L-CC line had a significantly larger (P < 0.05) number of grains per pod. The smallest number of grains per pod was recorded for the Saša and Baccara × Saša hybrid. The genotype vs. year interaction had a significant (P < 0.05) influence on 1000 seed weight. Significantly higher (P < 0.05) 1000 seed weight was recorded for the Baccara genotype, when compared with all other investigated genotypes, lines and hybrids. The lowest 1000 seed weight was recorded for the L-CC line. The genotype × year interaction had a significant influence on the seed yield of field pea. During this research, high seed yields were achieved by the Baccara genotype and Baccara × L-CC line and Baccara × Saša hybrids.

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and Aleksići. The trial was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The following parameters were analyzed: tuber weight (g), plant height (cm), stem number/plant, average stem thickness (cm), green mass yield/plant (kg), and dry mass yield/plant (kg). Average tuber weight ranged from 36.7 g (Bosna) to 61.0 g (Lazarevo). Plant height ranged from 1.55 m (Lazarevo) to 2.20 m (Aleksići). Stem number/plant varied from 2.2 (Aleksici) to 5.3 (Modrica). Stem thicknesswas between 1.24 cm (Bosna) and 2.11 cm (Aleksići). The population Bosna had the lowest average yield of green mass and dry mass yield/plant, while the highest mean value had population Aleksići. Broad sense heritability varied from 34.66% (plant height) to 50.99% (dry mass yield/plant). Highly significant positive correlations between plant height and stem thickness (r = 0.874), stem thickness and green mass yield (r = 0.919), stem thickness and dry mass yield (r = 0.902) were established. Jerusalem artichoke populations were clustered into two groups, and the first group was composed of two subgroups .The results of these studies will allow choice of Jerusalem 46

The object of this study was a two-year trial (2009 and 2010) regarding variability of morphological characteristics of species belonging to Sorghum genus, more specifically interspecies hybrid between sorghum and Sudan grass Siloking as affected by different applications of nitrogen. The following morphological characteristics were analysed: plant height, number of leaves, leaf ratio, stem ratio, and number of shoots. Samples were taken from the first cut when the effect of the applied nitrogen doses was the strongest. The results showed that increasing nitrogen quantities significantly affected the tested morphological characteristics, especially the intensity of tillering (increased number of secondary stems), number of the formed leaves, and ratio of leaf weight in the total above-ground biomass. The effect of applied nitrogen depended on the weather conditions, i.e. distribution of precipitation, so that plants reached maximum height when 105 kg N ha-1 was applied in the dry year and 180 kg N ha-1 in the wet year. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR 31078 i br. TR 31022

Objective of the research were phenotypic and genetic correlation coefficients of three species of Sorghum genus-forage sorghum S. bicolor Moench. (genotype NS-Džin), Sudan grass S. sudanense L. (genotype Zora) and interspecies hybrid S. bicolor x S. sudanense (genotype Siloking). Studies were carried out on samples of plant material from the first cut. The following morphological-productive traits were studied: plant height, number of leaves per plant, mass of leaves on the stem, average stem mass and yield of green biomass. In the analysis of genetic and phenotypic coefficients, differences depending on the impact on studied morphological-productive traits are observed. The highest value of the stem height was recorded in Sudan grass (2.281 m), as well as number of leaves per plants (7.917). The greatest mass of leaves per plant was established in forage sorghum (49.05 g), and the highest average stem mass was recorded in interspecies hybrid plants (80.798 g). Variation of morphological-productive indicators per species was significant and very significant. Coefficients of simple correlations indicate the presence of very strong to almost complete, statistically very significant positive correlations, so these effects were expected. Plant height and number of leaves were not directly but indirectly statistically significant to yield of green biomass and varied from insignificant and very weak to sporadically medium strong and statistically significant.

In total 76 varieties of alfalfa were collected and sown and 41 alfalfa genotypes showed tolerances to lower soil pH. The selected alfalfa genotypes are then sown in a test field on the soil that belongs to the type of brown soil on the gravel or the cambisol with the soil pH from 5.33 to 5.64. After 5 years, 10 genotypes were selected based on the agronomic properties and the experiment was set up on the soil with the pH from 5.0 to 5.1 in H2O. The following genotypes were used for these tests: G-2, G-11, G-19, G-34, G-39, G-44, G-48, G-51, G-53 and G-100. The following properties were observed: plant height (cm), number of stems per plant, stem thickness (mm), number of internodes per stem, leaf/stem ratio (%), yield of biomass in the I cut (g plant-1). During these tests, the highest degree of tolerance towards the lower soil pH was shown by the genotype G-44. Good results were achieved with alfalfa genotypes G-11 and G-48 where the percentage of survivors was over 80%. The highest average plant height during the three-year study (36.9 cm) was recorded in the genotype G-100. The high and stable yield of dry mass per plant have genotypes G-44 and G-19 and they are grouped in group I and are desirable for further breeding. Genotype and year have statistically significant and highly significant influence on the tested parameters, while the significance of the interaction of the genotype x year was determined only for the thickness of the stem.

The aim of this field study was to evaluate genotype ? year interaction for spike length, 1000 seed weight, seed number per g and hectoliter mass in perennial ryegrass, using eight divergent genotypes across two growing seasons. Interaction was evaluated using AMMI (Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction) model. All traits schowed additive (genotype, year) and non additive (genotype ? year interaction) variation. On the basis od AMMI1 biplot genotype G4 showed most stability for all examined traits, so it can be recommended for sowing in different environmental conditions. Also, the genotype G4 could be used in the creation of new local varieties of perennial ryegrass.