Objective: To establish a correlation and evaluate paradigm shift of demographic parameters in oral submucous fibrosis patients due to use of areca nut and tobacco. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of the Study: Outpatient Department of Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital, Lahore from 1st November 2019 to 30th June 2021. Methodology: All patients with compliant of limited mouth opening and diagnosed clinically with oral submucous fibrosis were included. Biographical data was collected based on age, gender, literacy rate, socioeconomic conditions and habit of consumption of areca nut-based products and tobacco. Results: Prevalence of OSMF was 0.45% with mean age of 29.26±14.12 years. Areca nut alone is consumed more by females (44.12%) whereas combination of tobacco and areca nut use was higher in males (87.76%). Risk habits were found to be highest in uneducated/primary education (63.01%) and in low socioeconomic group (59.03%). Conclusion: Comparing the last two decades, there is paradigm shift in age of contracting OSMF towards younger age. Significant finding of areca nut use by females also draws attention for control measures. Harmful effects of areca nut and tobacco products should be highlighted and included in educational and community programs. Keywords: Oral submucous fibrosis, Potentially malignant disorders, Areca nut, Oral squamous cell carcinoma
Objective: To assess the peripheral nerve injury incidence among patients suffering from oral and maxillofacial trauma. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad. Sample was of 187 patients, and data was collected using non- probability, Consecutive sampling technique. Results: The findings showed that the age range of 10% patients was between 10-20years, age range of 40% patients was between 21-30years, age range of 32% patients was between 31-40years, and age range of 18% patients was >40years. The mean value of age of total sample was 31.21 ± 7.01. Males were 86% and females were 14% of entire sample. Trigeminal nerve injury was found in 35% patients whereas facial nerve injury was found in 16% patients. Conclusion: The study concludes that the peripheral nerve injury incidence was 35% (trigeminal nerve injury) of oral trauma while in maxillofacial trauma (facial nerve injury) 16% in our setup. Keywords: peripheral nerve injury, trigeminal nerve injury, facial nerve injury
Objective: This study was planned to evaluate the techniques of primary wound closure as well as secondary wound closure after removal of mandibular 3rd molar and the difference of both techniques was assessed in term of swelling, pain, and trismus. Methodology: This randomized clinical trial was conducted in the surgery department a tertiary care hospital of Sargodha, Pakistan. Sample size was 60 patients. Both genders were included and the patients’ age was between 19 to 30years, who presented with the complaint of pain and later on, referred for surgical removal of 3rd molar of mandible were the subject of interest of current study. Using lottery method, patients were divided into two groups. Primary closure technique was used on patients of group 1 and secondary closure technique was used for patients of group 2. The collected data was entered in SPSS version 25.0 and analyzed. Independent sample t test was used to explore the difference between two groups. Results: Facial swelling and trismus was found significantly different in both groups on 3rd and 7th day after surgery (p=.001, P=.001). Conclusion: In Conclusion, secondary wound closure technique is better in terms of pain, facial swelling and trismus than primary wound closure technique in surgical removal of impacted 3rd molar of mandible. Keywords: Trismus, Facial Swelling, Primary wound closure, Secondary wound closure
Objective: The goal of our study is to assess the general public's knowledge and awareness related to oral cancer, its risk factors, and attitude regarding early diagnosis in Lahore city. Material and Method: A cross sectional study was carried out in Lahore City Pakistan in March 2021.Four hundred and twenty-five questionnaires were distributed among Lahore city population and 385 participants responded. Conventional sampling technique was used for participant’s selection. Written inform consent was taken from all participants. Participants greater than 15-year-old were taken in this study. Result: Out of 385 participants 64.2% participants were male and 35.8% were female.10.4 % participants were uneducated and 34.2% participants were graduated.23.3 % participants were smokers.68.9% responders had heard about oral cancer and 31.1 % had not heard about oral cavity cancer.58.5% participants consider that oral cancer can be avoided while 48.7% participants consider that oral cancer is not curable .81.2 % participants said that smoking is a main risk factor for oral cancer and 62.2% participants consider relationship between Alcohol and oral cancer while 22.3% consider no relationship between them. 38.9 %, 25.4%and 39.4% participants were able to identify old age, diet, and sunlight are causative agents of oral cancer respectively .51% participants think that they will go for diagnosis if they find any minor lesion in the oral cavity. CONCLUSION: The current study concluded that people living in Lahore city have a knowledge and awareness about oral cancer and also they think that tobacco and smoking are main risk factors for oral cancer while they have inadequate knowledge about certain risk factors like diet, old age and sunlight. We also recognize that only 51 % people will go for early diagnosis if they found a lesion in the oral cavity. So the cancer prevention educational program in public can increase awareness regarding oral cancer.
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