The various traditional systems such as Unani, Ayurveda and Siddha use several plant species to treat different ailments. The Unani (Greco-Arab) system of medicine has been practiced since ancient times for the treatment of range of diseases. Traditional medicine usually takes a “holistic” approach where the physical, spiritual (which includes mental), and most often social well-being of an individual are treated. Thus, the medicinal value of an herbal product may be intimately related to its nutritional and psychological aspects. It is estimated that between 70% and 95% of citizens in a majority of developing countries use traditional medicine for the management of health and as primary health care to address their health-care needs and concerns. Medicinal plants play an important role in the development of potent therapeutic agents. Zanjabeel (Zingiber officinale) is a very famous herbal drug which is widely used in world as spice as well as drug in traditional medicine. This article aims at reviewing the Zanjabeel on the basis of description in Unani system of medicine, its Pharmacological actions and therapeutic uses and to discuss scientific studies. Keywords: Zanjabeel, Unani, Pharmacological actions, therapeutic uses.

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Objective: To compare the anticonvulsant activity of Majoon Najah, its hydroalcoholc extract and granular form through Increased Current Electroshock Seizure (ICES) test in swiss albino mice.Majoon Najah, its Methods: hydroalcoholic extract and granular form were tested for anticonvulsant activity using ICES animal model. To evaluate the effect of test drugs on motor co-ordination, muscle co-ordination test by rotarod was carried out.In ICES Results: test Seizure Threshold Current (STC), duration of hindlimb extension (HLE) and percent protection were observed. It was found that MN (p<0.01), HEMN and GMN (p<0.001) significantly increased the seizure threshold current when compared with control. Although HEMN increased the STC more significantly than MN and GMN but intracomparison between MN, HEMN and GMN showed no statistical significant variation in the activity.It Conclusion: can be concluded from the experiment performed that Majoon Najah possess significant anticonvulsant activity.

Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) test, kindling animal model, strychnine model etc. These models can be either in vivo or in vitro, mechanism specific, mechanism independent, or seizure specific. The present article explains the types of experimental models used for screening of anticonvulsant activity of traditional drugs and some important scientifically proved Unani anticonvulsant drugs.

Poetry has always been one of the most critical and vivid forms of expression available to humankind, and this paper seeks to trace and explore the origin, history, diversity, and methodology of the various kinds of poetry that were used to register protest or dissent against authority figures in India, particularly through the lens of the Dalit community, Indian Muslims and Indian feminists. The research aims to trace the similarities and differences in the way each of these communities began to use the creative medium of poetry to lodge their disagreements with the regimes, social order, or socio-political norms at various junctures of India's history, from the colonial past to a thriving democracy, while also exploring the contrast between relatively older instances to the contemporary times. Eminent poets whose words have had a lasting impact on their communities' social and political movements have found a place in the article as well, with snippets of their work showcasing the glimpse of the politics of their poetry. The paper also attempts to gauge the intersectional aspects of these three communities' literary work and find gaps and holes in places that have not been researched to a satisfactory degree. The paper concludes with remarks on the changes and latest trends observed by these communities regarding their poetry and protests.