Lentinula edodes shiitake mushrooms are rich sources of iron, which in addition to their relatively high nutritive value are also characterized by high contents of biologically active components. However, recommendation of products prepared on the basis of dried shiitake mushrooms and introduced to the diet as sources of iron requires a precise determination of bioavailability of this element. The purpose of this study was to assess the bioavailability of iron from cereal products with the addition of dried shiitake mushrooms using the iron regeneration efficacy method in Fe-deficient female rats. Feeding products with 10% and 20% addition of dried shiitake to female rats with a previously evoked Fe deficiency resulted in a gradual repletion of lowered Fe indices, including an increase in blood hemoglobin concentration and serum and liver Fe levels to values comparable to those of the control group. Bioavailability of iron from cereal products enriched with dried shiitake mushrooms is comparable to that of Fe(II) gluconate.
Introduction. One side effect of antihypertensive drugs is their impact on nutritional status and metabolism. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutritional and biochemical parameters in spontaneously hypertensive rats following treatment with antihypertensive drugs. Material and methods. The experiment was performed on 50 male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), which were assigned to fi ve groups: control (C), with perindopril (PR), with metoprolol (MT), with indapamide (ID), and with amlodipine (AM). All rats were provided ad libitum standard diet (with or without drugs) and distilled water. After 45 days, the animals were weighed and killed. Liver, kidney, heart, spleen, pancreas, and blood samples were collected. Concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and albumin were assayed in serum. Morphology parameters, such as white blood cell, red blood cell, hematocrit, and lymphocyte counts were measured in the blood. Blood pressure was measured using a tail-cuff plethysmograph. Results. The results obtained indicate that the hypotensive drugs under investigation had no effect on the selected nutritional parameters. Perindopril signifi cantly decreased the relative mass of the heart and amlodipine markedly decreased the relative mass of the pancreas. A markedly higher concentration of glucose in the group with indapamid, and a signifi cantly lower concentration of triglycerides in the group with metoprolol, were observed. Indapamide and amlodipine markedly increased the value of red blood cells and hematocrit in the blood of SHR. Conclusions. Long-term therapy with antihypertension drugs may infl uence tissue mass and biochemical and morphological status in the body.
The effect of inulin on diet intake, excreta output, microbial ecosystem and concentrations of volatile fatty acids in rat's caecum was investigated on twenty one, 8-week old male Wistar rats. The animals were divided randomly into three experimental groups of 7 rats each, which were kept in individual cages. Three experimental isoprotein and isoenergetic diets were prepared providing different source and amount of fermentable carbohydrate. The control diet contained 5% of potato starch, while the IN-5 and the IN-10 diet contained 5 and 10% of inulin, respectively. Rats were fed these diets and provided distilled water ad libitum for 10 weeks. Dietary intake was monitored daily, weight gain was recorded twice a week. Between 30 and 41 day of experiment 10-day balance study was performed to determine diet intake and excreta output. Transit time was determined with the help of chlorophiline (0.5% diet weight) as a colour marker. At the end of experiment, after 12-h starvation, rats were sacrificed by thiopental injection and dissected to obtain samples of caecal digesta. Inclusion of 5 and 10% of inulin in the rat's diet did not affect significantly feed intake, excreta output, its water content and transit time. However, in rats fed high-inulin diet a tendency to a higher water content of excreta and decrease of transit time was observed. Concentration of the volatile fatty acids in caecum, specially the butyrate, was significantly higher in rats fed inulin supplemented diets, however without changing their mutual proportions. Inulin inclusion in the diet, led to changes in caecal microflora populations, total counts of the coli form and anaerobic bacteria dropped. Comparing to control group the 10%) inclusion of inulin led lowered the count of total coli form and anaerobic bacteria.
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