Objective: To find the association between oral parafunctional habits and personality traits in individuals. Methodology: A Cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at the College of Dentistry, Sharif Medical and Dental College, Lahore, over 5 months, from July to November 2021. All individuals, irrespective of their age and gender and those who reported having oral parafunctional habits, were included. Individuals with a history of smoking and those with any systemic illness were excluded. Data was collected using a medical questionnaire and a ten-item personality inventory scale (TIPI). Results: The association between personality traits and oral parafunctional habits was not statistically significant. The association between extraversion personality trait and nail-biting (p=0.267), teeth grinding (p=00754), teeth clenching (p=0.450) and biting hard objects (p=0.582) was not significant. The association between agreeableness and nail-biting (p=0.112), teeth grinding (p=0.612), teeth clenching (p=0.430), biting hard objects (p=0.639) and chewing gum (p=1.000) was not significant. The association between conscientiousness and nail-biting (p=0.588), teeth grinding (p=0.588), teeth clenching (p=0.325), biting hard objects(p=1.000) and chewing gum (p=1.000) was non-significant. Similarly, the association between personality traits of emotional stability and openness to experience with nail-biting (p=0.138, p=0.594 respectively), Teeth grinding (p=0.586,0.594 respectively), teeth clenching (p=0.813, p=1.000 respectively), biting hard objects (p=0.075, p= 0.347 respectively) and chewing gum (p=0.585, p=0.556 respectively) was non-significant. Conclusion: The majority of individuals from all personality types had a habit of teeth clenching followed by biting on hard objects. The least prevalent parafunctional habit reported by them was the parafunctional habit of chewing gum. Keywords: Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Openness to experience, Emotional stability, Oral parafunctional habits
Objectives: To evaluate the detrimental impact of smoking on oral health.Methodology: A Cross sectional comparative study was carried out on 100 patients, 50 smokers and 50 non-smokers, visitingSharif Medical and Dental College, Lahore from June 2019 to July 2020. Intra-oral examination was done using the CommunityPeriodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN). Recorded data was coded, entered and analyzed using SPSS statistical Packageversion 23.ResultsThe periodontal health was significantly associated with status of smoking (p=0.001). The most prevalent periodontal problemsof smokers were periodontal pockets of 4 to 5 mm (19%) while the least (4%) had bleeding on probing. Majority of the nonsmokers(32%) had bleeding on probing. The number of cigarettes smoked in a day and periodontal health status weresignificantly associated (p=0.004). Light smokers (1 to 10 cigarettes/day) had periodontal pockets of 4 to 5mm as their biggestperiodontal problems (38%) while the least (8%) had bleeding on probing. The periodontal problem that intermittent smokers(11 to 15 cigarettes/day) predominantly had was periodontal pockets of 6 mm or more (8%) and same was the case with heavysmokers (2%).Conclusion: The main periodontal problem of smokers was periodontal pockets of 4 to 5 mm while the least was bleeding onprobing. Most of the non-smokers had bleeding on probing while none of the non-smokers had periodontal pockets. Lightsmokers (1 to 10 cigarettes/day) mainly had periodontal pockets of 4 to 5mm as their main concern. The periodontal problemthat intermittent and heavy smokers mainly had were periodontal pockets of 6 mm or more.
Objective: To identify the development of symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder in medical and dental practitioners during COVID 19 pandemic. A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted on 146 medical and dental practitioners. The study was conducted at College of Dentistry, Sharif Medical and Dental College, Lahore and Sardar Begum dental college, Peshawar from August 2021 to June 2022. The Obsessive-compulsive inventory scale with a Cronbach alpha value of 0.966 was used for data collection. The association of the presence of symptoms of checking (p=0.027), neutralizing (p=0.021), and hoarding (p=0.009) with the area of practice was statistically significant while it was non-significant for the symptoms of washing (p=0.332), obsessing (p=0.093), ordering (p=0.093) and doubting (p=0.099). The presence of obsessive-compulsive disorder and the area of practice was also non-significant (p=0.300). The percentage of all seven symptoms in medical practitioners was higher in comparison to the dental practitioners. It was seen that a higher percentage of medical practitioners developed obsessive-compulsive disorder in comparison to dental practitioners during the COVID 19 pandemic Keywords: Obsessive-compulsive disorder, medical practitioners, Dental practitioners, COVID-19 pandemic
This commentary by a youth leader from Pakistan discusses how the Global South has disproportionately received the worst impacts of climate change and how, if not stemmed, the effects of climate change will lead to destruction that will render the earth uninhabitable. As warned by climate scientists, global emissions must be drastically reduced to ensure the earth does not heat up beyond 1.5°C. Discrepancies between the abilities of the Global North and Global South to combat and cope with the climate crisis need to be accounted for when international bodies decide on the best strategies to halt the catastrophic impacts of the climate breakdown. The commentary also discusses the historical roots of climate change in colonialism, and voices the youth’s demand for climate justice and climate action.
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