Introduction Surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis (SAP) means the administration of antibiotics in surgical practice, and it reduces the likelihood of surgical site infections (SSIs). Inappropriate SAP practice regarding the prescription, timing, and duration of antibiotic use prolongs the hospital stay of patients, increases patient morbidity (by exposing them to the adverse effects of antibiotics), promotes bacterial resistance, and puts an economic burden on health care. While developed countries regularly monitor and revise their SAP protocols, there are only a few such researches in developing countries, which is a major setback to proper surgical care. Objectives of the study This study aims to compare the practice of SAP in a tertiary health care hospital of a developing country Pakistan, with internationally recommended protocols and evaluate the impact of knowledge of international guidelines on SAP practice. The results of the study will highlight important shortcomings in prophylactic practice in the hospital and help develop recommendations to improve SAP practice and ensure better surgical care for patients.
Background The use of stem cells (SCs) has led the way into a new era of therapeutics known as regenerative medicine. Their renewal property offers exciting possibilities in reversing tissue damage caused by metabolic and degenerative changes. Research should be conducted increasingly to explore the possibilities of SC utilization in Pakistan. Objectives To assess the level of knowledge, perception, and attitude of medical students regarding stem cell research (SCR) and its application, to obtain a better insight into the future of stem cell therapy in Pakistan as it is a rapidly emerging field in medicine. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out using a self-administered questionnaire filled by 206 medical students from different medical colleges in Pakistan. A convenience sampling method was used. Knowledge and attitude scores were calculated based on answers to 28 well-structured questions. Data was analyzed using SPSS. Results The mean values of the answers showed that 68.9% (n=142) of the students had good knowledge and 31.1% (n=64) had poor knowledge of stem cells. Whereas, 56.8% (n=117) expressed positive attitude and 43.2% (n=89) expressed negative attitude towards SCR. Independent t-test applied on knowledge and attitude scores showed that the mean knowledge score of people with a positive attitude is higher i.e. 21.25 as compared to the mean knowledge score of people with negative attitude i.e. 19.21. And the difference of the means is significant at p=0.007. Thus, the attitude of students was observed to be significantly dependent on their knowledge about SCR. Conclusion The results show that medical students have baseline knowledge about SC therapy and a positive attitude towards it. Seminars, workshops should be conducted and this topic should be added to their syllabus so that they obtain proper information about SCR and encourage further research.
McArdle’s disease is a Glycogen storage disease (type V) which is caused due to the inherited deficiency of myophosphorylase enzyme required for the breakdown of muscle glycogen. It typically presents with complaints of exercise intolerance, early fatigability, and muscle aches. The disease can be complicated by rhabdomyolysis in severe cases. We present the case of a 27 years old male with McArdleʼs disease who presented with bilateral lower limbs weakness associated with muscle aches and dark colored urine which later turned into anuria. Diagnosis of acute renal failure complicating rhabdomyolysis in background of McArdle’s disease was made. Keywords: Glycogen storage disease, Glycogen phosphorylase, myopathy, rhabdomyolysis
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