Bacterial orbital cellulitis is a condition that rarely presents with complete loss of vision. A case is reported of a 69-year-old man who presented with fulminant onset of proptosis, significant ophthalmoplegia and no perception of light. Computed tomography showed no evidence of paranasal sinus disease. Despite treatment with intravenous flucloxacillin, ceftriaxone and metronidazole, and later, penicillin after Streptococcus pyogenes was grown from tissue culture, there was no improvement in vision; however ocular motility returned to normal.
We are living in an era of technology where smart phones and hence social media has entered into many aspects of our life. Many professions are using social media to improve communication between colleagues. Social media tools are gaining attention in medical education as well.Objective: To explore the potential of WhatsApp as an instructional strategy for 4 th Year MBBS students in Ophthalmology. Methods:We made two groups of students on WhatsApp one for males and one for females. Topic of lecture, relevant images of taught topic and MCQs and SEQs were shared in both groups and students were encouraged to ask questions if they had any. After ten lectures the students were asked to give their feedback on our activity of WhatsApp group on an anonymous questionnaire.Results: Two hundred and thirty four students, 145 (62.0%) female and 86 (36.8%) males students filled in the anonymous questionnaire. One hundred and eighty nine students (88.77%) were using social media to learn medicine while 45 students (19.23%) were not. Sixty seven students (29.39%) were using both WhatsApp and Facebook, 65 students (28.51%) were using Facebook, 57 students (25%) were using WhatsApp. Sixty percent of students were using social media once or more than twice a day. Eighty eight (63.8%) female students and 66 (77.7%) male students ranked this activity as high or above. To the open ended question we got appreciative comments and some suggestion. Conclusion:WhatsApp is an effective social media tool to motivate, augmentand perhaps improve the learning of undergraduates in addition to traditional teaching.
Background Medical students have faced an enormous disruption to their lives due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The study aimed to assess the impact of COVID-19 on medical student’s psychological well-being in Pakistan. Following ethical approval, an online survey developed in collaboration with World Psychiatric Association (WPA) was distributed among medical students of 5 Medical colleges in the Punjab province of Pakistan between August and September 2020. Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), and Risk Assessment Suicidality Scale (RASS) were used to assess psychological well-being. Data was analyzed using SPSS 26.0. Results Eleven hundred medical students responded, 756 (69%) being females. More than 2/3rd admitted that their emotional state got worse in relation to appearance of anxiety, insecurity, and sadness, compared to before the outbreak of COVID-19. Prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms were 48.6% and 48.1%, respectively. Female medical students, pre-clinical students, and those with a previous psychiatric history reported experiencing more anxiety and depression symptoms (P value < 0.001). One in five medical students thought that it would be better if they were dead, and 8% admitted to often think of committing suicide during the past 2 weeks. RASS and subscales (intention, life, and history) scores were higher in females and students with previous psychiatric problems. Conclusion Our findings underscore that the impact of COVID-19 on medical students has been significant; hence, it is crucial for medical colleges to employ strategies to maintain the student’s well-being with safeguards like reassurance, support, and confidential student-centered psychiatric services. The use of virtual platforms (websites, email) to educate and screen students by staff members can create a positive impact. The limitations of this study include cross-sectional design, the possibility of selective participation being web-based survey, response bias, and the possibility of reluctance of students to report mental health problems due to stigma.
Background There is a lack of data about antibiotic prescription trends and patterns of inappropriate antibiotic stewardship in COVID-19 patient management. Objective To determine frequency and pattern of antibiotic prescription in COVID-19 patients presenting in DHQ teaching hospital, Sahiwal. Methods This observational cross-sectional prospective study was conducted from 1st June 2020 to 31st March 2021 in patients admitted in COVID isolation facility of DHQ Teaching hospital, Sahiwal with confirmed COVID-19 infection. Patients of all ages and of both genders were included. Data was collected by a pre-designed proforma. Data included patient’s age, gender, co-morbid conditions, type and duration of antibiotic use, and details of prescribing physicians. Descriptive statistics were applied to determine frequency and percentages of variables. Results Out of 800 participants, 543(67.8%) were males, and the remaining 257 (32.1%) were females. The majority 328(41%) of patients belonged to the age group 40-60 years. 639(79.8%) patients had co-morbidities. Diabetes mellitus was the most common co-morbid condition 248 (31%). Antibiotics were prescribed to all patients 800 (100%) before admission to the COVID Isolation facility. The majority of patients 348 (43.5%) had used antibiotics for 3-7 days before admission. Macrolides class was the most commonly prescribed antibiotic 417 (52.1%). General practitioners had more tendency to prescribe antibiotics 509(64%) as compared to medical specialists 212(26.5%) and pulmonologists79 (9.8%). Conclusion Antibiotic stewardship needs to be improved in COVID-19 patients and prescription should be evidence-based aided by laboratory tests. The development of local guidelines for judicious antibiotic prescription in COVID-19 will help in preventing antibiotic resistance. Key Words Antibiotics, antibiotic resistance, COVID-19, drug prescription, SARS-cov-2
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